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Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Acceleration

A

The change in speed divided by the time taken for the change

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2
Q

Acid

A

A substance which turns blue litmus paper red and has a pH of less than 7. Acids have a sour taste and a sharp feel.

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3
Q

Acid rain

A

Rainwater which has a pH less than 5.5

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4
Q

Activity series

A

A list of metals placed in order of their reactivity

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5
Q

Adaption

A

A structure or habit that helps an organism survive in its habitat.

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6
Q

Aerobic respiration

A

Oxygen is needed to release energy from food

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7
Q

Alkali

A

A substance which reacts with an acid to form a salt and water.

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8
Q

Alkali metals

A

Group 1 on the periodic table eg. Sodium

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9
Q

Alkaline earth metals

A

Group 2 of the periodic table. Eg. Calcium

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10
Q

Alloy

A

A mixture of metals

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11
Q

Alternating current

A

A current that constantly changes direction

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12
Q

Altimeter

A

An instrument that measures change in pressure and translated into height above sea level.

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13
Q

Amp

A

The unit of current

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14
Q

Anaerobic respiration

A

Oxygen is not used to release energy from food

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15
Q

Area

A

The amount of surface that covers an object

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16
Q

Asexual reproduction

A

New individuals are formed from only one parent

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17
Q

Atom

A

The smallest part of an that still has the properties of that element

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18
Q

Atomic number

A

The number of protons in an atom of that element

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19
Q

Base

A

A substance that neutralises an acid to form salt and water. Bases turn red litmus paper blue.

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20
Q

Beating tray

A

A device used to collect animals

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21
Q

Biotechnology

A

The use of living to produce useful products

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22
Q

Bond

A

Force of attraction that holds atoms together

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23
Q

Canines

A

Teeth that are long and pointed and used to grip and tear food.

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24
Q

Carnivore

A

An animal that eats other animals only

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25
Catalyst
Substances that alter the rate of a chemical reaction but are not used up themselves
26
Cellulose
The substance which make cell walls and provides fiber in the human diet
27
Cell wall
Found outside the plants membrane
28
Centre of gravity of a body
A point about which the turning effects due to gravity are balanced
29
Chemical change
A reaction in which a new substance is formed
30
Chemical energy
Energy stored inside materials in the chemical bonds holding them together
31
Chlorination
The addition of chlorine to water to kill bacteria
32
Chloroplasts
Contain the green pigment called chlorophyll
33
Competition
Takes place hen two or more organisms require something that is in short supply
34
Compunds
Made up of 2 or more different types of atom chemical combined
35
Concentrated solution
A solution that contains a large amount of solute in a small amount of solvent
36
Conductor (electrical)
An object that allows a charge to move
37
Conductor (heat)
An object that allows heat to travel through it
38
Conservation
The protection and wise management of natural resources
39
Contraception
The prevention of fertilization or pregnancy
41
Corrosion
An undesirable process whereby a metal changes to its oxide or some other compound by combining oxygen with air
42
Covalent bond
A bond that consists of a pair of electrons shared between two non metals.
43
Crystallization
The formation of crystals by cooling a saturated solution or by evaporation solvent off
44
Decibel
A unit of sound
45
Decomposers
Organisms that feed on dead plants and animals
46
Density
The mass of each cubic meter of an object
47
Diffusion
The name used to describe the way particles in gases and liquids spread throughout the space in which they are placed
48
Digestion
The breakdown of food
49
Dilute solution
A solution containing a small amount of solute and a large amount of solvent
50
Convection
The transfer of heat through liquids and gases by the mass movement of particles
51
Direct current
The flow of charge in one direction only around a circuit
52
Dispersal
The carrying of the seed (and the surrounding fruit) as far away as possible from the parent plant
53
Dispersion
The breaking up of white light into its 7 colours
54
Distillation
A process used to separate two miscible liquids with different boiling points eg. Alcohol and water
55
Diode
A device that allows current to flow in one direction only
56
Echo
The reflection of sound
57
Ecology
The study of the relationship between plants animals and their environment
58
Electrical energy
Energy caused by moving charges
59
Electric current
The movement of charge through a material
60
Electrolysis
A chemical reaction produced by using electricity
61
Electromotive force
Force from a battery to cause current
62
Electron
A negatively charged particle in an atom
63
Electronic configuration
The arranged of electrons in an atom
64
Elements
Substances made up of only one type of atom
65
Energy
The ability to do work measured in joules (j)
66
Enzyme
A chemical (protein) that speeds up chemical reactions without having being used up
67
Equilibrium
A still object i.e. Not spinning or moving. Either stable, unstable or neutral
68
Evaporation
The changing of a liquid to a gas
69
Excretion
The removal of the waste products from the body of chemical reactions in the body

Science-Emer (16 decks)

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