Definitions Flashcards
(110 cards)
1
Q
Anastomosis
A
Surgical connection of 2 tubular structures
2
Q
Anorexia
A
Loss of appetite
3
Q
Ascites
A
Abnormal fluid accumulation in abdomen
4
Q
Bowel Obstruction
A
Blockage preventing normal flow
5
Q
Cirrhosis
A
Liver disease with degenerating liver cells
6
Q
Diaphragm
A
Dome shaped muscle separating thoracic and abdominal cavities
7
Q
Diverticulitis
A
Inflammation of diverticula (small pouches forming walls in colon)
8
Q
Dyspepsia
A
Gastric indigestion, epigastric discomfort after meals
9
Q
Esophageal Varices
A
Twisted veins in lower esophagus
10
Q
Feeding Tubes
A
Semisolid foods and liquids fed through tube passing from nose to stomach
11
Q
Fistula
A
Abnormal communication between 2 internal organs
12
Q
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
A
Backflow of gastric content into esophagus cause by regurgitation of acid from stomach. Heartburn
13
Q
Hemorrhoids
A
Enlarged veins in or outside rectum
14
Q
Hiatus Hernia
A
Protruding stomach through weakened area of diaphragm
15
Q
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
A
Chronic
1- regional enteritis (chron’s)
2- ulcerative colitis
16
Q
Paracentesis
A
Removal of fluid from abdomen through incision
17
Q
Peptic Ulcer
A
Crator shaped area in mucosal wall
18
Q
Polyps
A
Bulging tissue
19
Q
Resection
A
Surgical removal of larger portion of organ or body part
20
Q
Total Parenteral Nutrition
A
Supplying nutritions to body by intravenous route
21
Q
Vagotomy
A
Severing/cutting vagus nerve
Decreases gastric acid
22
Q
Atelectasis
A
Collapsed or airless lung
23
Q
Chest Percussion and Vibration
A
Thickened secretion difficult to cough up
Loosed by tappin or vibrating the chest
24
Q
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
A
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COLD)
Respiratory disorders with chronic partial onbstruction of air passages
25
Pleural Effusion
Excess of fluid in pleural cavity
26
Pneumonia
Acute infection or inflammation in lung
27
Postural Drainage
Using specific position that allows gravity to assist in removing bronchial secretions
28
Pulmonary Edema
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in lungs
29
Sputum
Mucous secretion from lungs, bronchi and trachea, ejected through the mouth
30
Angina Pectoris
Recurrent chest pain, no permanent damage
31
Angiography
Injecting contrast media into vascular system to outline heart and blood vessels
32
Aortic Aneurysm
Localized sac involving an artery formed at weak point in aorta
33
Cardiac Arrest
Heart stops beating, resulting in no circulation
34
Cardiac Catheterization
Radiopaque catheters introduced into heart and blood vessels
35
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG)
Surgical procedure, vein graft is used to shunt blood from aorta to branches of coronary arteries to increase flow
36
Cyanosis
Dark blue/purple coloration due to deficient oxygenation of blood
37
Digital Substraction Angiography
Visualization of arterial vessels using technology
38
Doppler Ultrasonic Flow Studies
Electronic stethoscope that reflects the sound of blood flow
39
Echocardiography
Ultrasound test, determines size, shape and motion of cardiac structures
40
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Detect electrical changes in heart muscle as heart beats
41
Embolus, Emboli
Mass of undissolved matter
42
Exercise Tolerance Test
Evaluates cardiac action during physical stress
43
Hypertension
High blood pressure
44
Ischemia
Inadequate blood supply
45
Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Irreversibly damaged myocardium (heart muscle) undergoes degeneration and replaced by scar tissue
46
Mitral Valve Disorders
Mitral valve controls blood flow through the heart. Disorders affect flow to the valve
47
Perctaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA)
Balloon ripped catheter cracks plaque
48
Radionuclide Imaging
```
Radioisotopes injected intravenously and scans performed
Types:
MPI
ERNA
PET
```
49
Valve Replacement
Replacement of cardiac valve with synthetic or tissue
50
Valvuloplasty
Repair cardiac valve
51
Varicose Veins
Swollen and twisted veins from damaged valves
52
Vein Stripping and Ligation
Surgical procedure to strip and ligate twisted veins
53
Cancerous Lesions
```
Skin cancers
1 basal cell carcinoma
2 kaposi sarcoma
3 malignant melanoma
4 squamous cell carcinoma
```
54
Cyst
Thick walled, closed sac filled with fluid or semisolid material
55
Decubitus Ulcer
AKA bedsores
| Ulcer caused by pressure from lying down in one place
56
Eczema
Inflammatory skin disease
57
Gangrene
Death of tissue with loss of blood supply
58
Pruritus
Itching
59
Psoriasis
Itchy red patches covered with gray scales
60
Sebaceous Gland
Oil secreting glad in the dermis associated with hair follicles
61
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Chronic inflammatory disease of collagen in skin, joints and internal organs
62
Ulcer
Open sore of skin or mucous membrane
63
Amniocentesis
Surgical puncture of amniotic sac to withdraw fluid
64
Eclampsia
Most serious toxemia of pregnancy
| Incl. high blood pressure, swelling, convulsions
65
Endometriosis
Cells similar to that of the uterus, grow in the pelvic cavity outside the uterus
66
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Inflammatory condition of the pelvic cavity
67
Uterine Prolapse
Structures supporting the uterus weaken
| Uterus works its way down the vaginal canal
68
Pap Smear
To detect cervical cancer
| Scrape cervical secretions off cervix
69
Cone Biopsy
Surgeon excises small portion of cervix and sends to pathologist
70
Dilatation and Curettage (D&C)
Cervical canal is widened and uterus lining is scraped
71
Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
Sex hormones given to women after menopause or oophorectomy
72
Ectopic Pregnancy
Fertilized egg becomes implanted on any tissue other than uterine lining
73
Anemia
Low concentration of hemoglobin, red cell count and hematocrits
74
Autologous Transfusion
Patients own blood is collected for future transfusion
75
Bleeding Disorders
Deficiency in platelets or clotting factors
76
Blood Plasma
Liquid portion of blood when all cellular elements are removed
77
Blood Transfusion
Whole blood - person lost a lot of blood
| Packed red cell - person with severe anemia
78
Bone Marrow Aspiration
Put needle into marrow from septum or iliac
79
ELISA (Enzyme-linked Immonosorbent Assay)
Test blood to look for antibody for AIDS
80
Hemoglobin
In red blood cells, contains oxygen and carbon dioxide
81
Hemophilia
Hereditary blood disorder, missing substances necessary for blood clots
82
Hodgkin's Disease (Lymphosarcoma)
Malignant tumor of lymph tissue in spleen and lymph nodes
83
Leukemia
```
Excess of white blood cells
Malignant leukocytes in marrow and bloodstream
1. Acute myelogenous
2. Chronic myelogenous
3. Acute lymphocytic
4. Chronic lymphocytic
```
84
Lymphedema
Swelling of tissues on extremities. From obstruction of lymphatic vessels
85
Malignant Lymphomas
Malignant tumor of lymph nodes and lymph tissue
86
Mononucleosis
Enlarged lymph nodes and spleen. Increase in lymphocytes and monocytes
87
Multiple Myeloma
Malignant tumor of bone marrow
88
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas
Malignancies of lymphoid tissue
89
Polycythemia
Increase in concentration of red cells
90
Spleen
Blood storage, elimination and production
91
Thymus Gland
Behind breastbone between lung. Produces T-cells
92
Acetabulum
Socket in pelvic bone connecting thigh bone to pelvis
93
Ankylosing spondylitis
Arthritis, stiffening of joints, primarily in spine
94
Arthorscopy
Viewing or repair or joint problems
95
Bone Graft
Placement of bone tissue to promote healing
96
Bursa, Bursae
Fluid surrounding joint
97
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Median nerve in wrist is compressed
98
Cartilage
Rubbery connective tissue on joint surface
99
Crepitation
Crackling sensation heard and felt when two ends of broken bones move together
100
Disk (Disc)
Fibrocartilage substance in vertebrae
101
Fracture Reduction
Setting the bone (open or closed)
102
Ganglion
Gelatinous magerial near tendon sheaths and joints
103
Hallux Valgus
Bunion
104
Ligament
Connective tissue binding bones together
105
Osteoporosis
Decrease in bone density, due to loss of calcium salts
106
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Inflamed and painful joint
107
Tendon
Connective tissue binding muscle to bone
108
Tendon Transfer
Surgical movement of tendon insertion to improve function
109
Total Joint Replacement
Replacement of both articular surfaces
110
Traction
Pulling force to part of the body
