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602 EX 3 > Deglutition > Flashcards

Deglutition Flashcards

1
Q

Explain the branching of Trigeminal nerve (CN V)

A

Trigeminal nerve branches into 3 main branches:

  1. Ophthalmic (V1): passes through superior orbital fissure. This branches into 3 main branches
    A) Lacrimal
    B) Frontal- which branches off into –>
    - Supraorbital
    - Supratrochlear
    C) Nasociliary- which branches into –>
    - Long/Short ciliary
    - Infratrochlear
    - Anterior/Posterior Ethmoidal
    - Communicating branch
  2. Maxillary (V2): passes through Foramen ovale. these branch off:
    -Pterygopalatine ganglion
    -Zygomatic
    -Zygomaticotemporal
  3. Mandibular (V3): passes through Foramen rotundum. This branches into:
    - Auriculotemporal
    - Long buccal
    -Lingual
    -Inferior Alveolar
    -Mental
    -Incisive
    -Nerve to Mylohyoid
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2
Q

explain the branching of facial nerve (CN VII)

A

Facial Nerve (VII): exits skull at the stylomastoid foramen and branches into:

  1. Temporal
  2. Zygomatic
  3. Buccal
  4. Marginal mandibular
  5. Cervical
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3
Q

Phase 1 of swallowing:
1. Focus:
2. Voluntary/Involuntary
3. Muscles used

A
  1. push food bolus to pharynx with tongue
  2. Voluntary
  3. Extrinsic tongue mm (Styloglossus, palatoglossus, Hyoglossus, Genioglossus), Intrinsic tongue mm (Superior longitudinal, INferior longitudinal, transverse, Vertical)
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4
Q

Phase 2 of swallowing:
1. Focus:
2. Voluntary/Involuntary
3. Muscles used

A
  1. Focus: prevent entry of food into nasopharynx and nasal cavity
  2. Involuntary
  3. Muscles used: Levator veli palatini, Tensor Veli palatini,
    Palatopharyngeal sphincter (part of Superior pharyngeal constrictor)
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5
Q

Phase 3 of swallowing - Part 1
1. Focus:
2. Voluntary/Involuntary
3. Muscles used

A
  1. Focus: raise pharynx/larynx to meet food, while moving larynx anteriorly to create space for esophagus
  2. Involuntary
  3. Muscles used: Longitudinal mm of pharynx & thyrohyoid (Palatopharyngeus, Salpingopharyngeus, Stylopharyngeus), &
    Suprahyoid mm (raise hyoid) (Stylohyoid, Digastric, Mylohyoid, Geniohyoid)
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6
Q

Phase 3 of swallowing - Part 2
1. Focus:
2. Voluntary/Involuntary
3. Muscles used

A
  1. Focus: protect airway by passive bending of epiglottis over laryngeal inlet combined with approximation of vestibular fold, Pharyngeal wall is brought closer to tongue and soft palate
  2. Involuntary
  3. Muscles used: Laryngeal mm, Superior constrictor
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7
Q

Phase 4 of swallowing
1. Focus:
2. Voluntary/Involuntary
3. Muscles used

A
  1. Focus: “milk” food bolus further down pharynx to enter esophagus
  2. Involuntary
  3. Muscles involved: Middle and inferior constrictor mm. of pharynx
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8
Q

The ________ tilts posteriorly as we swallow, redirects food around laryngeal inlet (always stays open, so always a small risk of inhaling food)

A

epiglottis

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9
Q

_________ are recesses around the larynx to catch food

A

Piriform recesses

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10
Q

_________ are depressions anterior to epiglottis

A

Vallecula

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11
Q

________ is contraction that begins in the pharynx and continues down the esophagus and into the GI tract

A

Peristalsis

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12
Q

which is the only phase of swallowing that is voluntary?

A

phase 1

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13
Q

what are the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx?

A

Palatopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus
Stylopharyngeus

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14
Q

what are the suprahyoids?

A

Stylohyoid
Digastric
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid

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15
Q

what are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Superior longitudinal
Inferior longitudinal
Transverse
Vertical

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16
Q

what are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
Styloglossus
Palatoglossus

17
Q

what does the Styloglossus do?

A

elevate tongue and translate it posteriorly

18
Q

what does the palatoglossus do?

A

elevates tongue toward palate

19
Q

what are the numbered muscles?

A
  1. Palatoglossus
  2. Superior constrictor
  3. Styloglossus
  4. Mylohyoid
  5. Hyoglossus
  6. Middle constrictor
20
Q

name the numbered muscles

A
  1. Levator Veli
  2. Tensor Veli
  3. Pharyngeal sphincter
  4. Superior constrictor
21
Q

name the numbered muscles

A
  1. Salpingopharyngeus
  2. Palatopharyngeus
  3. Stylopharyngeus
  4. Inferior constrictor
  5. Middle constrictor
  6. Superior constrictor

602 EX 3 (8 decks)

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