democracy Flashcards
(14 cards)
name 6 key scholars on democracy and their year of publish
locke 1690, rousseau 1762, schumpeter 1942, schmitter and karl 1991
what is lockes theory on democracy
- representative government and consent of the government
what is rousseau’s theory on democracy
- favoured direct democracy, people decide laws through collective will
what is schumpeters theory on democracy
democracy is a method for choosing a leader, not rule by the people
what are schmitter and karls contribution to democracy
its a system of governance in which rulers are held accountable for their actions by the citizens
what are 5 necessities for democracy
- competitive elections
- liberal rights and free speech
- rule of law
- citizen participation
- willingness of losing party to leave office
what is a majoritarian system and a limitation of it
- majority votes
- winner takes all
- however does not take in to account minority groups because of large umbrella parties
what is a consensus based democracy
- proportional elections
- minority groups more represented
what is a crisis of democracy
- a sudden loss of support for established parties
- conflict over democratic institutions
- incapacity of government to maintain order
causes of crisis in democracy
- coups, revolutions
- shifts in the monopoly of violence
- authoritarian resilience
- rise of extremist parties
what are authoritarian/ hybrid regimes elections
- staged elections for a number of reasons
- lack of plurality and free elections
- suppression of opposition
what is authoritarianism
- political systems with limited, not responsible, political pluralism
what is populism
people voting for the candidate they like the most rather than the most qualified one with the best policies, this is seen as an erosion of democracy
what is illiberalism
- growing limitation on freedom and legal procedures
- still preserves electoral mechanisms and democratic institutions
- often have a populist leader
- weakened courts and parliaments
