legitimacy

Question 1

name 4 key scholars on legitimacy and their year of publish

Answer 1

weber 1922, locke 1689, rawls 1971, beetham 1991

Question 2

what did weber add to legitimacy

Answer 2

created the three types of legitimacy, traditional, legal rational and charismatic

Question 3

what did locke add to legitimacy

Answer 3

legitimacy drives from popular consent

Question 4

what did rawls add to legitimacy

Answer 4

legitimacy stems from fairness, just institutions must benefit the least advantaged

Question 5

what did beetham add to legitimacy

Answer 5

legitimacy requires 3 elements
- legal validity ( rules are followed)
- justifiability (moral alignment with social values)
- expressed consent
critiqued weber for ignoring normative dimensions
- autocracies sham elections fail to meet beethams requirements

Question 6

what is legal rational legitimacy (modern governments)

Answer 6

• power through legality
• validity of the legal procedure
• officials are trained specialists
  however no system is purely bureaucratic, charismatic leadership is now more popular

Question 7

what is traditional legitimacy (monarchies)

Answer 7

• customs sanctified through habitual conformity
• legitimacy resides in tradition and beliefs (hes the new king because hes the previous kings first born son)
• admin staff consist of close family and friends

Question 8

what is charismatic leadership (ghandi, MLK, jesus)

Answer 8

• authority through extreme personal gift
• the populace accept they owe devotion to a leader

Question 9

how can states become illegitimate

Answer 9

• political and economic failure
• failure to reach ideological goals (tories with brexit and covid)
• revolutionary ideas become exhausted over time
• succession crisis
• ruse of an authoritarian government

Question 10

how can you tell how legitimate a government is

Answer 10

• how much leeway does a government have to make an unpopular decision
• is the power approved of by the majority or at least the most influential groups (Locke)

Question 11

what are some limitations of charismatic legitimacy

Answer 11

• charisma cannot be transferred
• can be authoritarian and lordly in nature

Question 12

name a case study on loss of legitimacy/ legitimacy crisis

Answer 12

the rise of stalinism in eastern Europe
- started through very quick take over of the media and armed forces
- terrorist totalitarianism - ban of pluralism with the threat of violence
- communism was superimposed on the eastern bloc