Democracy and Dictatorship 1890 - 1945 (quick fire)

Question 1

Who was leader of Germany from 1888 - 1918?

Answer 1

Kaiser Wilhelm II

Question 2

What powers did the Kaiser have?

Answer 2

He could create new laws, veto proposed laws, and had control over the military.

Question 3

What was the name of the German parliament?

Answer 3

The Reichstag

Question 4

What problems led to the Kaiser’s abdication in November 1918?

Answer 4

Rise of socialism, military failures, refusal to surrender, and revolts in cities across Germany.

Question 5

What was the name of the government that replaced the German monarchy?

Answer 5

The Weimar Republic

Question 6

How was the Weimar Republic structured?

Answer 6

President > Chancellor > Reichstag > German People

Question 7

Who could vote in the Weimar Republic?

Answer 7

All men and women aged over 20

Question 8

What political problems did the Weimar Republic face?

Answer 8

Spartacist Uprising, Kapp Putsch, Munich Putsch, proportional representation, political assassinations, the excessive use of Article 48.

Question 9

What economic problems did the Weimar Republic face?

Answer 9

Reparations from the Treaty of Versailles, invasion of the Ruhr, hyperinflation.

Question 10

Who was Gustav Stresemann?

Answer 10

A key figure in the Weimar Republic who was Chancellor, then Foreign Minister until his death in 1929.

Question 11

How did Stresemann attempt to solve Germany’s economic problems?

Answer 11

Negotiated the Dawes and Young Plan. Introduced the Rentenmark and called off passive resistance in the Ruhr to end hyperinflation.

Question 12

How did Stresemann attempt to restore confidence in Germany and improve it’s reputation internationally?

Answer 12

Signed the Kellogg-Briand Pact and the Locarno Treaties. Germany joined the League of Nations.

Question 13

What caused the Great Depression in Germany?

Answer 13

The Wall Street Crash 1929, led to the USA recalling all loans at short notice.

Question 14

Why did the Nazi Party appeal to the people of Germany?

Answer 14

Hitler was a gifted speaker, they promised to destroy communism, Germans lost confidence in the Weimar Republic, and the use of the SA to intimidate political opponents.

Question 15

When did Hitler become Chancellor of Germany?

Answer 15

30th January 1933

Question 16

How did the Reichstag Fire help Hitler consolidate power?

Answer 16

He was able to ban the communist party from the Reichstag, removing them as a form of opposition.

Question 17

What was the Enabling Act (March 1933)?

Answer 17

A law which allowed Hitler to create laws without the Reichstag’s approval.

Question 18

When were all other political parties banned by the Nazis?

Answer 18

July 14th 1933

Question 19

What happened during the Night of the Long Knives (June 1934)

Answer 19

Hitler and the SS murdered over 400 members of the SA (including Ernst Rohm) and political opponents to further consolidate power.

Question 20

When did Hitler become Fuhrer of Germany?

Answer 20

19th August 1934

Question 21

What did Hitler and the Nazis promise the German people?

Answer 21

Arbeit und Brot (Work and bread).

Question 22

What did the Nazis introduced to lower unemployment?

Answer 22

Public work schemes, the National Labour Front, Rearmament, and National service.

Question 23

Who did the Nazis exclude from unemployment statistics?

Answer 23

Women, military personnel, and Jews

Question 24

What impact did the Second World War have on Germany?

Answer 24

Rationing, Area Bombing, Refugees, and Employment (RARE)

Question 25

What were the two main Nazi Youth groups?

Answer 25

Hitler Youth (boys) League of German Maidens (girls)

Question 26

Why did Hitler and the Nazis want to control members of the youth?

Answer 26

To prepare boys to be soldiers and girls to be mothers. They also believed they would remain loyal Nazis.

Question 27

What were the main youth opposition groups?

Answer 27

Swing Youth, Edelweiss Pirates, and the White Rose Group

Question 28

Nazi policy towards women was based around the 3Ks, what do they stand for?

Answer 28

Kinder (Children), Kirche (Church), and Küche (Cooking).

Question 29

What did the Nazis believe was the main purpose of women?

Answer 29

To have children and increase birth rates.

Question 30

How did the Nazis attempt to control the Catholic Church?

Answer 30

By agreeing a concordat in 1933.

Question 31

How did Catholics oppose Hitler?

Answer 31

Protested Euthanasia and continued to attend Catholic services.

Question 32

What was the Reich Church?

Answer 32

An organisation set up to control Protestants who supported the Nazis.

Question 33

What was the Confessional Church?

Answer 33

A Protestant movement which opposed the Nazis.

Question 34

Who did the Nazis view as 'undesirables'?

Answer 34

Jews, physically and mentally disabled people, homosexuals, Slavs, Jehovah's witnesses.

Question 35

How did the Nazis enforce their racial policy?

Answer 35

Euthanasia campaign, sterilization, and sending opponents to concentration camps.

Question 36

What was the 'Final Solution'?

Answer 36

The decision by Nazi leaders to carry of the mass extermination of the Jewish population of Europe.

Question 37

What methods of propaganda did the Nazis use to control and indoctrinate the German people?

Answer 37

Censorship of the press, control of radio broadcasts, mass rallies, and use of international events.

Question 38

Why did the Nazis change art and culture in Germany?

Answer 38

To further indoctrinate German people, move towards traditional styles, and to promote pro-Nazi ideas.

Question 39

How did the Nazis establish a Police State?

Answer 39

The SS used violence and fear to intimidate any opponents of the Nazis. The Gestapo (secret police) spied on Germans and created an atmosphere of fear in Germany.