Demographics Flashcards
what is the role of age and sex stucture
to forecase trends with respect to population growth or decline, as well as dependency ratios within the country
what is the dependency ratio?
the percentage of the population too young or too old to work who are dependen on those of working age (economically active population)
what happens if the economically active population is low?
implications on economic growth
limit in the provision of services in the country
what do age and sexstructure determine?
population’s median age
what does a high median age mean?
the population is aging
how is a population pyramid represented?
in age groups of 5 years
what is doubling time?
the amount of time in which a given population will double, based on its annual growth rate
what does a rapid doubling time mean?
the population will double in size very quickly and it can put a huge strain on existing resources
what is fertility rate?
refers to the average number of children that a woman will have throughout her reproductive life
what is birth rate?
the number of live births per 1000 in the population
what does a drop in fertility rate indicate?
the country is moving through the Demographic Transition Model
reasons the birth rate may decline
better education
increased use of contraceptives
more career oriented women
having children later in life
what is the replacement fertility rate?
where a woman has enough childrento replace their parents
what is mortality rate/death rate?
number of people dying per 1000 in the population at the current time
what is infant mortality rate?
number of babies between birth and a year who die
what is child mortality rate?
number of children between 0 and 5 who die
reasons for high mortality rate
high degree of conflict
limited health care
low sanitation
lots of older people in the population
what is life expectancy?
the estimate of the average number of additional years aperson could expect to live if theage-specific death rates for a given year
what is lifespan?
number of years an individual is expected to live
what is migration?
movement of people from one area to another to establish a new settlement
what is internal migration?
when people migrate within the same country
what is international migration?
when people move from country to country
what is immigration?
movement into an area
what is assimilation?
immigrants adopting the culture and customs of their new country
