Dental Anomalies 1

Question 1

anomalies of number etiology

Answer 1

hereditary
physical disruption of dental lamina
overactive dental lamina
failure of dental lamina induction by ectomesenchyme

Question 2

hyperdontia

Answer 2

too many

Question 3

hypodontia

Answer 3

too few

Question 4

anodontia

Answer 4

missing all teeth

Question 5

hyperdontia incidence

Answer 5

permanent 1-3%
primary 0.3-0.6%
both 1/3 of cases
male:female 2:1

Question 6

hyperdontia location

Answer 6

90-98% in maxilla
90% of these in premaxilla

Question 7

hyperdontia most common

Answer 7

single midline or unilateral

Question 8

hyperdontia diagnosis

Answer 8

erupted: count teeth
unerupted: radiographs, delayed exfoliation and eruption, displace permanent tooth
SLOB rule

Question 9

hyperdontia potential complications

Answer 9

interfere with eruption/occlusion
midline shift
crowding
displacement of erupting teeth
impaction of permanent teeth
loss of vitality of adjacent teeth
diastema
cyst formation

Question 10

hyperdontia treatment

Answer 10

primary dentition: usually no tx, exception (occlusal interference)
permanent dentition: usually extraction, choice of tooth based on position of crown /root, ortho

Question 11

hyperdontia rudimentary

Answer 11

abnormal size/shape
mesiodens are rudimentary, conical supernumerary teeth

Question 12

hyperdontia rudimentary location

Answer 12

usually isolated/single between maxilla central incisors
may be inverted (no erupt)
palatal > labial

Question 13

mesiodens

Answer 13

rudimentary, conical supernumerary teeth

Question 14

mesiodens treatment

Answer 14

inverted: will not erupt
timing of extraction: after 2/3 root development of adjacent teeth if possible
below the permanent teeth/noninverted: may erupt, then extract, monitor

Question 15

odontoma

Answer 15

benign mixed tumor of enamel and dentin

Question 16

compound

Answer 16

like little teeth
anterior maxilla

Question 17

complex

Answer 17

irregular
posterior mandible

Question 18

odontoma tx

Answer 18

surgical removal

Question 19

hypodontia incidence

Answer 19

1.5-10% excluding 3rd molars
positive correlation between missing primary tooth and permanent successor
may be a hereditary component

Question 20

hypodontia frequency

Answer 20

3rd molars –> mandibular 2nd bicuspids –> maxillary lateral incisors

Question 21

hypodontia diagnosis red flags

Answer 21

large midline diastema
congenitally missing primary teeth
over-retained primary teeth
ankylosis - mandibular 2nd primary molars
radiographs to confirm diagnosis

Question 22

hypodontia treatment

Answer 22

close space
maintain space for future prosthesis
regain space for future prosthesis
maintain primary tooth if present (probably not forever)

Question 23

anomalies of size

Answer 23

microdontia
macrodontia
fusion
gemination

Question 24

microdontia is based on

Answer 24

charts of average tooth sizes

Question 25

true generalized microdontia

Answer 25

rare all teeth smaller than normal

Question 26

relative generalized microdontia

Answer 26

rare normal tooth size, large maxilla/mandible

Question 27

types of microdontia

Answer 27

true generalized microdontia relative generalized microdontia single tooth

Question 28

single tooth microdontia

Answer 28

can be bilateral, hereditary maxillary lateral > 2nd bicuspid > 3rd molar

Question 29

microdontia tx

Answer 29

no tx composite veneer ceramic veneer crowns extraction: bridge, implant

Question 30

macrodontia types

Answer 30

true generalized macrodontia relative generalized macrodontia single tooth

Question 31

true generalized macrodontia

Answer 31

rare all teeth larger than normal

Question 32

relative generalized macrodontia

Answer 32

rare normal tooth size, small maxilla/mandible

Question 33

single tooth macrodontia

Answer 33

rare unknown etiology

Question 34

fusion etiology

Answer 34

dentinal union of two initially separated tooth germs complete or incomplete separate or fused roots

Question 35

process of fusion

Answer 35

physical force/pressure contact of developing teeth fusion

Question 36

gemination etiology

Answer 36

incomplete division of a single tooth bud tends to be genetic

Question 37

fusion clinically

Answer 37

large, bifid crown labial/lingual groove missing a tooth when bifid counted as one

Question 38

gemination clinically

Answer 38

large, bifid crown labial/lingual groove variation = incisal notch normal # of teeth when bifid counted as one

Question 39

fusion radiographically

Answer 39

2 separate pulp chambers 2 separate root canals

Question 40

gemination radiographically

Answer 40

single pulp chamber single root canal

Question 41

fusion and gemination

Answer 41

primary > permanent anterior > posterior frequency 0.5%

Question 42

fusion and gemination clinically

Answer 42

large, bifid crown labial/lingual groove

Question 43

fusion VS gemination clinical findings

Answer 43

counting the bifid crown as 1 gemination = expected total number in the arch fusion = 1 less than expected

Question 44

fusion VS gemination radiographic findings

Answer 44

gemination - single chamber/canal fusion - 2 chambers/canals

Question 45

fusion / gemination dental considerations

Answer 45

delayed exfoliation - primary bifid tooth delayed eruption - permanent successor altered eruption path - permanent successor caries - labial/lingual groove esthetics

Question 46

fusion and gemination tx

Answer 46

primary teeth and permanent teeth: preventive treatment, extraction if/when indicated critically examine near the time exfoliation optimal oral hygiene and diet sealant placement on the bifid crown