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PATH II > dental anomolies 2 > Flashcards

dental anomolies 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Gemination
 which dentition?

A

 Attempt of a single tooth bud to divide, resulting in a bifid crown
 Affects deciduous and permanent dentition

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2
Q

clinical features gemination
tooth count?
MC where?

A

Tooth count is normal when anomalous tooth is counted as one
 MC in the anterior maxilla

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3
Q

gemination radio app

A

bifid crown with shared root canal

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4
Q
A

gemination

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5
Q

Fusion
 Affects which dentition

A

 Union of two normally separate tooth buds → form a joined tooth
 Affects deciduous and permanent dentition

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6
Q

fusion clinical features
tooth count? MC where?

A

 Tooth count reveals missing tooth when anomalous tooth is counted as one
 MC in anterior mandible

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7
Q

fusion radio app

A

seperate canals usually present

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8
Q
A

fusion

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9
Q

Concrescence

A

 Two fully formed teeth joined by root surfaces by cementum

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10
Q

 concresence Clinical features:
 MC where?
 Often involves which teeth?
 May result from?

A

 MC in posterior maxilla
 Often involves 2nd molar – root in close proximity to 3rd molar
 May result from postinflammatory/carious tooth

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11
Q

Talon cusp Clinical features:
 Extends how far on tooth?
 MC in which dentition?
 MC in which teeth?
 MC what ethnics?

A

 Well-delineated additional cusp located on the surface of an anterior tooth
 Extends at least half the distance between CEJ and incisal edge
 MC in permanent dentition
 MC in maxillary lateral > central incisor
 MC in Asian, Inuit, Native American

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12
Q
A

talon cusp

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13
Q

Dens evaginatus Clinical features:
 defined?
 where on tooth?
 Observed where in arch? MC tooth?
 MC in what arch?
 MC in ethnics?
 May result in?

A

Dens evaginatus
 Clinical features:
 Cusp-like elevation of enamel
 central groove or lingual ridge of the buccal cusp
 Observed in posterior teeth (premolar MC)
 MC in mandible
 MC in Asian, Inuit, Native Americans
 May result in occlusal interference

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14
Q

Dens evaginatus Frequent association with?

A

shovel shaped incisors (high marginal ridges)

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15
Q

Dens invaginatus/ Dens in dente
 Clinical features:
 Defined?
 MC teeth?
 may become?

A

 Deep surface invagination of the crown or root lined by enamel
 MC permanent maxillary lateral and central incisors
 “tooth within a tooth”
 Opening may become carious

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16
Q

types of dens invaginatus

A

type 1: only in crown
type 2: past CEJ
type 3: perforation possible

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17
Q
A

dens en dente

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18
Q

Enamel pearl Clinical features:
 def?
 MC which teeth?
 MC at area on tooth?
 periodontal attachment?

A

 Presence of enamel in an unusual location
 MC max molars > mandibular molars
 MC at furcation area or near CEJ
 Precludes normal periodontal attachment, PDL not adhered to enamel

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19
Q
A

enamel pearl

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20
Q

Taurodontism
 def?
 Isolated or syndromic?
 may be associated with?

A

 Enlargement of the body and pulp chamber of a multi-rooted tooth
 Isolated or syndromic
 may be associated with cleft lip/palate

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21
Q

Taurodontism Clinical features:
 Pulp chambers?
 Mild/severe?
 MC in which teeth?
 May appear?

A

 Pulp chambers – increased apico-occlusal height
 Mild to severe cases
 MC in permanent teeth
 May appear bilateral

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22
Q
A

taurodontism

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23
Q

Hypercementosis
def?
 Isolated or many teeth?
 Generalized pattern; consider?
 Associated with?

A

 Non-neoplastic deposition of excessive cementum along the root
 Isolated or involve multiple teeth
 Generalized pattern: consider Paget disease
 Associated with local factors like trauma, inflammation

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24
Q

Hypercementosis Clinical and Radiographic features:
 root?
 MC in which teeth?
 Frequency increases with?

A

 Thickening or blunting of the root surface
 MC in mandibular molars
 Frequency increases with age

25
Q
A

hypercementosis

26
Q

Dilaceration
 Abnormal?
 Majority arise following?
 Idiopathic or syndromic?

A

 Abnormal angulation or bend in the root
 Majority arise following injury that displaces the calcified portion of thetooth germ
 Idiopathic or syndromic

27
Q

dilaceration clinical features
MC teeth?
 Bend occurs where on root?
 Complications in?

A

MC mand 3rd molars > max 2nd premolar > mand 2nd molar
 Bend occurs anywhere along the root
 Complications in extractions or endo

28
Q
A

dilaceration

29
Q

Developmental alterations of structure

A

 Amelogenesis imperfecta
 Dentinogenesis imperfecta
 Dentin dysplasia
 Regional odontodysplasia

30
Q

Amelogenesis imperfecta
 def
 different subtypes

A

 A large group of hereditary conditions that show alterations in the enamel in the absence of systemic disease
 More than 14 different subtypes

31
Q

Amelogenesis imperfecta
 Alterations in the enamel may arise when? results?
 inheritance?
 Affects which dentition

A

Amelogenesis imperfecta
 Alterations in the enamel may arise at any of the following stages:
 Matrix formation: Hypoplastic
 Mineralization of matrix: hypocalcified
 Maturation of the enamel: hypomaturation
 AD, AR, X-linked inheritance
 Affects deciduous and permanent dentition

32
Q

AI clinical features based on types

A

Hypoplastic type: may see pits, rows of missing enamel

 Hypocalcified type: enamel is soft, “cheesy”, easily lost
 Yellow, brown, orange

 Hypomaturation type: enamel is soft, not as soft as hypocalcified type
 Opaque white, brown

33
Q

likely dx?

A

AI

34
Q
A

AI

35
Q
A

AI

36
Q

Dentinogenesis imperfecta
 def?
 gene mutation?
 inheritance?
 Affects which dentition

A

 Hereditary disturbance in the formation of dentin in the absence of any
systemic disorder
 DSPP gene mutation
 AD inheritance
 Affects deciduous and permanent dentition

37
Q

what can app simialr to DI

A

OI

38
Q

Dentinogenesis imperfecta Clinical features:
 which teeth affected more severely
 MC in which perm teeth?
 MC in what race?
 coloration?
 enamel and dentin?

A

 Deciduous teeth affected more severely
 Permanent teeth: MC in incisors and 1st molars
 MC in White patients
 Blue to brown discoloration, distinct translucence
 Enamel strips from poorly formed dentin

39
Q

Dentinogenesis imperfecta Radiographic features:
 crowns? cervical? teeth?
 RC and pulp?
 pulp additonal poss app?

A

 Bulbous crowns, cervical constriction, thin roots
 Early obliteration of root canal and pulp chamber
 OR
 Normal to enlarged pulp chambers
 Significantly enlarged pulp – “shell teeth”

40
Q
A

Dentinogenesis imperfecta

41
Q
A

DI

42
Q
A

DI

43
Q

Dentin Dysplasia I
 Loss of? leads to?
 inheritance?
 Type II thought to be?
 which set of teeth affected?

A

 Loss of organization of root dentin leads to shortened root length
 AD inheritance
 Type II thought to be a variant of dentinogenesis imperfecta
 Deciduous and permanent teeth affected

44
Q

Dentin Dysplasia I Clinical features:
 Enamel and coronal dentin?
 Radicular dentin?
 Tooth support?

A

 Enamel and coronal dentin well-formed
 Radicular dentin loses organization → short roots
 Tooth mobility and premature exfoliation

45
Q

Dentin Dysplasia I Radiographic features:
 Deciduous teeth:
 Permanent teeth:

A

 Deciduous teeth: little or no detectable pulp, very short roots (affected more severely)
 Permanent teeth: crescent shaped pulpal remnant, short root

46
Q
A

dentin dysplasia type 1

47
Q
A

dentin dysplasia type 1

48
Q

Regional odontodysplasia
 def?
 Most cases are?
 May be due to?

A

 Nonhereditary developmental abnormality of teeth that affects enamel, dentin, and pulp
 Most cases are idiopathic, some syndromic
 May be due to alteration of vascular supply

49
Q

Regional odontodysplasia Clinical findings:
 tissues affected?
 MC where?
 Dx at time of?
 Affects how many teeth?
 Impaction/eruption?
 Erupted teeth are?
 Hyperplasia of?

A

 Enamel, dentin, and pulp affected
 MC maxillary anterior teeth
 Dx at time of eruption of primary and permanent
 Affects several teeth, quadrant distribution
 Impacted teeth, delayed eruption
 Erupted teeth are malformed, caries rampant
 Hyperplasia of overlying soft tissue

50
Q

Regional odontodysplasia Radiographic findings:
 enamel and dentin?
 pulp chambers?
 roots?

A

 Extremely thin enamel and dentin
 Enlarged pulp chambers – ghost teeth
 Short roots may be observed

51
Q
A

regional odontodysplasia

52
Q
A

regional odontodysplasia

53
Q

Segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia

A

 Developmental disorder, affects jaw and overlying soft tissue

54
Q

Segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia clinical features
 def/pain?
 Usually dx when?
 Hyperplasia of?
 Primary teeth may be?
 missing teeth?

A

 Painless, unilateral enlargement of maxillary bone
 Usually dx during childhood
 Hyperplasia of overlying gingiva
 Primary teeth may be hypoplastic
 Maxillary premolar teeth may be missing

55
Q

segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia may be confused with? how to differentiate?

A

fibrous dysplasia, however SOD has missing maxillary PM often

56
Q

Segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia Radiographic features:
 trabeculae?
 density? app?
 Maxillary sinus?

A

 Thickened trabeculae, often vertically oriented
 Radiopaque, granular appearance
 Maxillary sinus may be smalle

57
Q

SOD tx?

A

 Remains relatively stable, may not require tx
 Surgical recontouring

58
Q
A

segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia (likely not fibrous dysplasia due to missing PM)

PATH II (24 decks)

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