Dental Decks

Question 1

Organ undergoes regeneration:

Answer 1

Liver, bone, cartilage, intestinal mucosa; low-specialization

Question 2

Composed of monocytes + macrophages

Answer 2

Reticuloendothelial system (AKA mononuclear phagocytic system) – in reticular connective tissue (spleen)

Question 3

Microglia

Answer 3

Macrophages of CNS

Question 4

Kupffer cells

Answer 4

Line blood vessels of liver

Question 5

Alveolar macrophage

Answer 5

Dust cells; lining of lungs

Question 6

Histiocytes

Answer 6

Macrophages in connective tissue

Question 7

Gaucher’s disease

Answer 7

deficiency in glucocerebrosidase

Question 8

Niemann-Pick disease

Answer 8

deficiency in sphingomyelinase

Question 9

Tay-Sachs

Answer 9

deficiency in hexosaminidase A

Question 10

Lipid Storages Diseases

Answer 10

Gauchers
Niemann-Pick
Tay-Sachs

Question 11

Teratology

Answer 11

Study of developmental anomalies
Chemical, physical, biologic agents that cause developmental anomalies
Variable susceptibility, specific in each developmental stage and mechanism
Dose dependent
Produce death, growth retardation, malformation, or functional impairment
First trimester

Question 12

Physical agents, teratogenic

Answer 12

Radiation
Hypoxia
Excessive carbon dioxide
Mechanical trauma

Question 13

Maternal infection, teratogenic

Answer 13

TORCH:
Toxoplasmosis
Other agents
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes simplex

Question 14

Hormones, teratogenic

Answer 14

Sex

Corticosteroids

Question 15

Vitamin deficiencies, teratogenic

Answer 15

Riboflavin
Niacin
Folic acid
Vitamin E

Question 16

Chemotherpay drugs, teratogenic

Answer 16

Treating malignancies

Question 17

Antibiotics, teratogenic

Answer 17

Mitomycin
Dactinomycin
Puromycin

Question 18

Delayed closure of two granulating surfaces is referred to as

Answer 18

Second intention

Question 19

First intention

Answer 19

Fibrous adhesion w/o supparation or granulation tissue formation

Question 20

Second intention

Answer 20

Connective tissue repair; large, exudative wound + netcrotic tissue, supparation, granulation

Question 21

Third intention

Answer 21

Filling via granulation and cicatrization

Question 22

Tissues taken from an individual of the same spcies who is NOT geneticaly related to the recipient is called an:

Answer 22

Allograft/homologous/homoplastic

Question 23

Xenograft

Answer 23

Another species, temporary, rejected – Hypersensitivity Type IV

Question 24

Autograft

Answer 24

Transplant of tissue from one part of body to another

Question 25

Isograft

Answer 25

From genetically idental species (twins)

Question 26

When a graft is rejected the first time, and tried again it will be rejected

Answer 26

MORE RAPIDLY

Question 27

According to the Spaulding Classification System for contaminated items and surfaces, critical items should be decontaminated after cleaning by

Answer 27

Sterilization and holding in sterilized state

Question 28

Spaulding Classification System

Answer 28

Critical = sterilization + holding in state Vascular system, body tissues Semi-Crit = High level disinfection (heat, chemicals) Mucous membranes Non-Crit = Intermediate/low level disinfection Intact skin

Question 29

Bacteria notable for fluorescent pigments + their resistance to disinfectants & antibiotics:

Answer 29

Pseudomonas (i.e. Aeruginosa -- toxic proteins, extensive tissue damage, interfere with immune defense) Gram (-), straight/curved rod, obligate anaerobes

Question 30

P. aeruginosa

Answer 30

Exoenzyme S = impair phagocytic cells in blood stream + internal organs Exotoxin A = inhibits protein synthesis

Question 31

Gentamicin

Answer 31

Aminoglycoside antibiotic, effective in treating bacteremias (P. aeruginosa)

Question 32

T-cell product stimulates growth of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells

Answer 32

IL-3 (produced by leukocytes) Regulate inflammatory + immune responses

Question 33

IL-1

Answer 33

Macrophages; Stimulation of T cells, antigen-presenting cells, B cell growth, antibody production, promotes hematopoiesis (blood cell formation)

Question 34

IL-2

Answer 34

Activated T-cells; proliferation of activated T-cells

Question 35

IL-3

Answer 35

T-lymphocytes; growth of blood cell precursors

Question 36

IL-4

Answer 36

T cells + mast cells; B cell proliferation, IgE production

Question 37

IL-5

Answer 37

T-cells + mat cells; Eosinophil growth

Question 38

IL-6

Answer 38

Activated T-cells; synergistic effects with IL-1 or TNF-alpha

Question 39

IL-7

Answer 39

Thymus + bone marrow stromal cells; development of T cell and B cell precursors

Question 40

Rubella Virus

Answer 40

Member of togavirus family, enveloped, (+) stranded, ss-RNA genome; German measles; teratogen; transmitted via respiratory droplets; prevention via live, attenuated vaccine; posterior auricular lymphadenopathy

Question 41

Hypersensitivity, Type I

Answer 41

Immediate; IgE Ab mediated-mast cell activation + degranulation "hay fever", asthma, anaphylaxis

Question 42

Hypersensitivity, Type II

Answer 42

Cytotoxic; IgG, IgM Abs formed against cell surface antigens; complement involved; autoimmune hemolytic anemias, Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC); Goodpasture disease

Question 43

Hypersensitivity, Type III

Answer 43

Immune complex disease; IgG, IgG, IgA against exo/endogenous antigens; complement + leukocytes (neutrophils, macrophages) involved; autoimmune diseases -- SLE, rheumatoid arthritis, glomerulonephritis

Question 44

Hypersensitivity, Type IV

Answer 44

Mononuclear cells (T-lymphocytes, macrophages) w/ ILs and lymphokine production; contact, Tuberculin, granulomatous hypersensitivity