Dental Health

Question 1

In Dental health , what are the aims of primary prevention methods?

Answer 1

◼to prevent the onset of disease,
◼arrest the disease process before secondary preventive treatment becomes necessary.
( dental hygiene practices)

Question 2

What strategies are present in Primary Prevention methods?

Answer 2

◼Dietary control
◼ The use of fluoridated toothpaste,
◼ Good oral hygiene practices: flossing and brushing of teeth

Question 3

In Dental health , what are the aims of secondary prevention methods?

Answer 3

Secondary prevention uses routine treatment methods to terminate a disease process

Question 4

What strategies are present in secondary prevention methods ( restorative care)?

Answer 4

◼ Use of fluoride to arrest an early carious lesion
◼ Sealants to arrest an early lesion
◼ Scaling and polishing/removal of tartar (oral
prophylaxis)

Question 5

In Dental health , what are the aims of tertiary prevention methods?

Answer 5

Tertiary prevention use methods to replace lost tissue and rehabilitate patients to normal as early as possible.

Question 6

What strategies are present in tertiary prevention methods (reconstructive care)?

Answer 6

Fillings, root canal treatment, dentures, crowns, bridges, scaling and root planing

Question 7

What are impacts of oral disease on society ?

Answer 7

◼Reduced educational performance
◼Reduced workforce productivity
◼Reduction in country’s economy
◼Cost to governments

Question 8

What are types of Inequalities in Oral Health?

Answer 8

◼Rural vs Urban
◼Uptown vs Downtown
◼Vulnerable groups

Question 9

What is the most common childhood disease & most common NCD worldwide ?

Answer 9

Dental caries

Question 10

What kind of approach is needed for the prevention of dental caries?

Answer 10

Multifactorial approach

Question 11

What are examples of Topical Flourides?

Answer 11

◼ Fluoride dentrifices/toothpastes and mouthrinses
◼ Fluoride varnish
◼ Fluoride gel

Question 12

What are examples of Systemic Flouridation?

Answer 12

◼ Water Fluoridation
◼ Salt fluoridation
◼ Fluoride supplements

Question 13

What is the function of saliva in the prevention of Dental caries?

Answer 13

◼Dilution and elimination of bacteria and sugars.
◼Buffering bacterial acids
◼Remineralization

Question 14

What are practices that aid in the prevention of dental caries?

Answer 14

◼Proper oral hygiene practices- brushing and flossing
◼Regular dental visits
◼Reducing sugars in diet esp sticky kinds,
sugar sweetened beverages and foods. ◼Fluoride
◼Sealants

Question 15

What are causes of Early childhood caries ?

Answer 15

Baby bottle tooth decay
Breastfeeding

Question 16

At what age should flossing begin?

Answer 16

At age 2

Question 17

True or False? In the prevention of ECC, No breast feeding or bottle should be given at night as bottle may have water.

Answer 17

TRUE!!

Question 18

Fill in the blank. “ Gum disease is the leading cause of _____ in adults worldwide.”

Answer 18

Edentulousness (no teeth)

Question 19

What other diseases may arise as a result of Periodontal disease?

Answer 19

• Cardiovascular diseases( atherosclerosis)
  ~ C-reactive protein is a risk factor for atherosclerosis, and is correlated with levels of periodontal inflammation.
• Preterm low birth weight (PLBW) in pregnancy patients

Question 20

What types of patients are at risk to developing Periodontal disease?

Answer 20

Type 2 Diabetic patients

Question 21

What are some risk factors of Periodontal disease?

Answer 21

◼ Plaque bacteria/poor oral hygiene
◼ Genetics
◼ Smoking
◼ Diabetes
◼ HIV
◼ Hormonal changes – pregnancy, puberty
◼ Stress
◼ Socioeconomic factors
◼ Defective fillings
◼ Malocclusion (crooked teeth)

Question 22

What is the survival rate of Oral cancer?

Answer 22

5 years survival rate of 57 %

Question 23

Fill in the blanks.” Oral cancer is ranked at the _____ most common cancer worldwide.”

Answer 23

16th

Question 24

True or False? Women are at a higher risk for oral cancer than men.

Answer 24

FALSE!! Men are at a higher risk

Question 25

What are the most common risk facts associated with Oral cancer?

Answer 25

Tobacco and alcohol use

Question 26

Fill in the blanks. " Preventive dentistry can be effectively implemented by using the following five actions: _____"

Answer 26

1) plaque control 2) reduction of sugar in the diet 3) fluoride therapy 4) use of pit-and-fissure sealants 5) client education

Question 27

What are the three major enabling factors necessary to perform dental health education?

Answer 27

1.appropriate skill-based education 2.Client self-motivation 3.Appropriate psychomotor skills.

Question 28

What are the objectives of dental health education?

Answer 28

Informing People ( cognitive objective) Motivating people (affective objective) Guiding into action ( Behavioural objective)

Question 29

What are the various approaches to public health?

Answer 29

1. Regulatory or legal approach 2. Administrative or service approach 3. Educational approach 4. Primary health care approach

Question 30

What does the regulatory or legal approach to dental health entail?

Answer 30

Any governmental intervention direct, or indirect that will alter behaviour. ex- seatbelts, flouridation in water, helmets

Question 31

What does the service approach to dental health entail?

Answer 31

Intends to provide all the health facilities needed by the people at their door steps on the assumption that people would use them to improve their own health.

Question 32

What does the educational approach to dental health entail?

Answer 32

Attempts to achieve changes in the health practices and lifestyles of the community

Question 33

What are the components of the educational approach in dental health?

Answer 33

Motivation Communication Decision making

Question 34

What does the primary health care approach to dental health entail?

Answer 34

Full participation and active involvement of members of the community in the planning and delivery of health services.

Question 35

What are principles in Health Education?

Answer 35

◼CREDIBILITY - infö should be trustworthy ◼INTEREST - understand the views and needs of patients then present ◼PARTICIPATION-get ppl to participate ◼MOTIVATION -motivate ppl use aesthetics or fear of costs ◼COMPREHENSION - ppl should understand what your're saying ( no medial terms) ◼REINFORCEMENT- repetition is key ◼SOIL, SEED, SOWER- ◼LEARNING BY DOING- doing new things = better to remember ◼KNOWN TO UNKNOWN - find out how much info is known ◼SETTING AN EXAMPLE- can't say these things and don't do it. ◼ FEEDBACK - so you can improve ◼COMMUNITY LEADERS- get ppl who ppl look up to as a benefit

Question 36

What happens in stage of awareness?

Answer 36

Stage in which individual has some general information about the new idea or practice, but does not know much about it’s usefulness, limitations etc patient is just aware

Question 37

Stage in which the individual tries to find out the advantages and disadvantages of the new method. He evaluates whether the new practice will be beneficial to him and his family- is done in what stage?

Answer 37

Stage of evaluation / involvement

Question 38

Stage in which the individual finally accepts the new idea or practice as beneficial to him and adopts it- describes what stage?

Answer 38

Stage of Adoption /behaviour

Question 39

Stage in which the individual decides to put the new idea or method into practice. Additional information and guidance should be given at this stage - describes what stage?

Answer 39

Stage of trail/action