dental laboratories Flashcards
(17 cards)
outline what appliances would fall under fixed/removable prosthetics
removable
1. dentures
2. metal frame works
3. splints
4. thermoforming
5. anti snoring devices
fixed
1. C/B
2. implants
3. splints
describe partial/full dentures
partial denture
* for partially edentulous pts who desires replacement teeth - cannot have a bridge [eg due to lack support] , finiancial limitations
* relatively economical, easy to fabircate and repair, provide a lvl of aesthetics and function acceptable to many pts
* partials can ^ plaque build up around abutment teeth –> decay + gum disease
full denture
* removable acrylic replacement for teeth, soft tx and bone lost in an enture arch
* relatively economical, easy to fabircate and repair, provide a lvl of aesthetics and function acceptable to many pts
describe the applications of metal frame works
partial dentures
* stronger more comfortable fitting than acrylic
* anchors to teeth instead of resting on tx
* longer fabrication time
describe splints
can be fixed/removable
names
* occlusal splint
* night guard
* bite splint
* bite plane
two main needs for splints
1. TMJD
2. bruxism
splints allow the muscles/ligaments in mouth and jaw to relax = relieve muscle tension/tightness that may cause clenching and grinding of teeth
–> protect dentition by preventing grinding
–> can reposition jaw in order to realign mouth [worn 24hr/day for this purpose]
mainly constructed on upper arch
purpose - for people who
* grind teeth
* hx of pain/dysfunction at TMJ or with bite/occlusion
* restoring vertical dimension
* have completed a full mouth reconstruction
* trauma
materials and processes
* acrylic - heat/cold cure
* hard soft - thermoformed
* polymers - thermoformed
* alloys - cast
describe thermoforming suck downs
- temporary space holders for C/B
- splinting
- emergency splinting
[removable pros]
describe anti-snoring devices
- fits over teeth like ortho retainer while sleeping - supports jaw in forward position to keep the iarway open
- one of the most widely used dental appliance in tx of sleep apnoea
- cost effective
- can be consutrcted w polymer, thermoforming, acrylic
describe crowns
- fixed pros
- completely caps/encircles a tooth or implant
- protect, cover and restore shape of teeth when fillings dont solve problem
- can be made from metals, porcelain, resin and ceramics [incl PFM, gold]
- typically dont rq special care over time other than good OH
- can improve function and aesthetics of a decayed/broken tooth
describe veneers
- fixed pros
- custom shells that fit over front surfaces of teeth
- conceal cracks, chips, stains and other cosmetic imperfections
- can improve func + aest of broken/decayed tooth
- can improve aest of smile and profect tooth surface from damage
- one of the most common cosmetic dentistry tx
- two main types of material
1. composition
2. dental porcelain
compare inlays and onlay
inlay
* pre-moulded filling fitted into occlusal grooves of teeth
* most often used as resto for occlusal cavities in which caries have not progressed into more exensive tooth decay
onlay
* indirect restoration which incorporates cusp/s
* indicated when there is a need to protect weakened tooth structure w/o additional removal of tooth tx unlike a crown
* can be used if there is minimal contour od remaning coronal tooth tx w little retention
* do not cover the entire surface of tooth
materials
both can be constructed from
- porcelain
- zirconia
- composite
- acrylic
- alloys
- gold
describe bridges
- fixed pros
- replaces one/more missing teeth by joining an artificial tooth definitively to adjacent teeth/implants
- usually made of porcelain or metal, a combo of the two [PFM], zirconia, resin, polymers
- typically dont require special care other than regular good OH
- can improve func/aest of decayed/broken teeth
describe implants
- surgically implanted into jaw to restore ability to chew/appearance
- interfaces w bone in jaw or skull to support a pros incl C/B, denture, facial pros, anchor ortho anchor
list examples of removable orthodontic wires
- labial bow
- adams clasps [engages M/D undercuts for retention]
- z spring [labial-lingual movement]
- canine retractor [pulls D]
- space maintainer [premature primary exfoliation]
- lingual wire
list examples of fixed/removable orthodontic appliances
fixed
1.orthodontic brackets [alignment]
2.arch expanders [malalignment]
3.herbst appliance [jaw alignment]
4.splint [broken jaw]
removable
1. retainers [holds teeth in place]
2. arch expanders [bite malalignment]
3. space maintainers [allows for erupting teeth]
4. tongue thrust dental guard [prevention of tongue movement]
herbst appliance - brings jawforward to correct underbite [class II malocc]
describe CADCAM tech
computer aided design/computer aided manufacture [CAD/CAM]
* uses an optical camera to take virtual imps by creating 3D image –> imported to software program = computer generated cast where the resto is designed and fabricated
* can be used in acrylic, frame works, ceramics and implant works
all CADCAM systems have three functional components
1. data capture
* scanning to capture/record data about oral environment
* tooth prep, adjacent teeth and occluding tooth geometry
- restoration design
* CAD to design resto to fill preparation
* ferform according to conventional dental equirements - restoration fabrication
* CAM to fabricate the restoration by a number of processess
* eg printing, milling, sintering, pressable ceramics
Abnormal alignment of the teeth and jaws is very common, nearly WHAT % of the developed world’s population
50%
+ reduces to < 10% when referring to medically necessary ortho
name one limitation of 3D scanning in creating dental prosthetics
good accuracy for hard tx [teeth] for C/B, splints
less accurate in recording soft tx undercuts –> take imp instead to mitigate inaccuracy problems
