Dentistry

Question 1

When is hidden periodontal disease often indicated?

Answer 1

if the parulis is within the gingiva

Question 2

What is periodontal disease caused by?

Answer 2

a subgingival biofilm

Question 3

If the parulis is within the oral mucosa, what treatment may be an option?

Answer 3

root canal

Question 4

Tooth resorption is becoming increasingly common in which species?

Answer 4

dogs

Question 5

What does VOHC stand for?

Answer 5

Veterinary Oral Health Council

Question 6

What does enamel do?

Answer 6

cover and protect the dentin of the crown

Question 7

What is the hardest substance in the body?

Answer 7

enamel

Question 8

T or F. Enamel is able to repair itself.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

What part of the tooth makes up most of the tooth?

Answer 9

dentin

Question 10

What is normal occlusion?

Answer 10

scissors bite

Question 11

What are the 4 classes of malocclusion?

Answer 11

1: neutroclusion
2: distoclusion
3: mesioclusion
4: wry malocclusion

Question 12

What is neutroclusion?

Answer 12

jaw lengths normal but one or more teeth in abnormal position

Question 13

What is distoclusion?

Answer 13

overshot jaw

Question 14

What is mesioclusion?

Answer 14

undershot jaw

Question 15

Define prognathism.

Answer 15

increased interdental spaces seen with the jaw has grown longer than it’s usual length

Question 16

Define brachygnathism.

Answer 16

crowding and rotation of teeth when jaw doesn’t grow to full length

Question 17

Define wrymalocclusion.

Answer 17

one segment of the jaw is disproportionate to other segment

Question 18

What are the 3 skull types?

Answer 18

brachycephalic, mesocephalic, dolichocephalic

Question 19

Which tooth is the carnassial?

Answer 19

maxillary 4th premolar and mandibular 1st molar

Question 20

Which salivary ducts empty just about the maxillary carnassial?

Answer 20

parotid and zygomatic

Question 21

What does attachment loss mean?

Answer 21

periodontal state of tooth because accounts for both pocket depth and gingival recession

Question 22

What are acceptable pocket depths in dogs?

Answer 22

0-3mm

Question 23

What is the acceptable pocket depths in cats?

Answer 23

0-1mm

Question 24

What does it mean when free gingival margin migrates coronally?

Answer 24

gingival hyperplasia

Question 25

What is caries?

Answer 25

demineralization of enamel and dentin from acids produced by certain oral bacteria

Question 26

Where does caries usually occur?

Answer 26

occlusal surface molar teeth

Question 27

What will the explorer tip do with caries?

Answer 27

"fall into" or "stick"

Question 28

What will chronic wear produce?

Answer 28

"tertiary dentin" which may look like a caries but will be smooth

Question 29

What is G1?

Answer 29

slight gingivitis

Question 30

What is G2?

Answer 30

moderate gingivitis (inflamed with edema)

Question 31

What is G3?

Answer 31

severe gingivitis (gingival line disturbed, lots of swelling or receding)

Question 32

What is C1?

Answer 32

slight amount of calculus at gingival margin

Question 33

What is C2?

Answer 33

moderate amount of calculus at gingival margin but not extending under gingiva

Question 34

What is C3?

Answer 34

severe amount of calculus at gingival margin and the calculus extends under the gingiva

Question 35

Define furcation.

Answer 35

where roots meet at crown neck

Question 36

What is F1?

Answer 36

slight defect

Question 37

What is F2?

Answer 37

defect 1/2 through between roots

Question 38

What is F3?

Answer 38

defect all the way through. can pass dental probe across under the tooth

Question 39

What is PD0?

Answer 39

no gum inflammation, no disease

Question 40

What is PD1?

Answer 40

slightly gingivitis (slightly swollen and painful gums), slight tartar

Question 41

What is the earliest stage of periodontal disease?

Answer 41

PD1

Question 42

What is PD2?

Answer 42

Less then 25% bone (attachment) loss, reddening may be slight

Question 43

What is PD3?

Answer 43

25-50% bone (attachment) loss, mild periodontitis

Question 44

What is PD4?

Answer 44

more than 50% bone attachment loss, advanced periodontitis

Question 45

What are some signs of periodontal disease?

Answer 45

bad breath, flinching/pulling away when you try to look at teeth, quivering lips, growl/snap/hiss, red and swollen gums, tartar build up

Question 46

What many deciduous teeth do canines have?

Answer 46

28

Question 47

How many permanent teeth do dogs have?

Answer 47

42

Question 48

How many deciduous teeth to felines have?

Answer 48

26

Question 49

How any permanent teeth do felines have?

Answer 49

30

Question 50

What percent of animals over 3 years old have periodontal disease?

Answer 50

80%

Question 51

What can be removed with brushing daily or weekly?

Answer 51

plaque

Question 52

What is calculus?

Answer 52

hardened plaque

Question 53

How can you tell if a fractured tooth is dead?

Answer 53

abnormal tooth color, explorer tip sinks, catches in pulp cavity

Question 54

When using radiographs to diagnose abscessed teeth, what is a radiolucent area?

Answer 54

root tip

Question 55

What are also called neck lesions? Why?

Answer 55

odontoclastic resorptive lesions (feline tooth resorption), common location at neck of tooth

Question 56

What % of cats have odontoclastic resorptive lesions?

Answer 56

up to 64%

Question 57

T or F. The symphysis in cats will also be slightly flexible.

Answer 57

True

Question 58

What does the periosteal elevator do?

Answer 58

separate the gingival attachments from the tooth crown and then to separate the periosteum from the alveolar bone

Question 59

When is a periosteal elevator used?

Answer 59

when creating a flap to allow better and easier access to the tooth root

Question 60

Do you use force with a periosteal elevator?

Answer 60

yes

Question 61

What is the root tip elevator used to do?

Answer 61

remove a root tip that has been left behind

Question 62

What kind of force is used with a root tip elevator? Why?

Answer 62

minimal force, avoid breaking the instrument

Question 63

What does a tartar chunker look like?

Answer 63

an extractor but one tip of jaw is curved inward

Question 64

Why should you never touch the gum line when cracking tartar?

Answer 64

pinching the gum line will kill the gum in that area and result in ultimate death of the tooth

Question 65

Which tooth is an infraorbial block done above?

Answer 65

PM 3

Question 66

Which animals do you need to watch out for when doing an infraorbital block? Why?

Answer 66

cats/brachiocephalic dogs, can hit eye, do bevel down

Question 67

Why do you deliver blocks bevel down?

Answer 67

so the anesthetic is delivered into the foramen

Question 68

Once a local is administered, how long do you hold a finger over the site? Why?

Answer 68

30 seconds, do keep it in the area and absorb

Question 69

In large dogs, why do you tip the nose up?

Answer 69

so meds flow back to last molar

Question 70

What is an ultrasonic scaler?

Answer 70

a machine that uses a fast vibrating tip to pulsate off debris

Question 71

With ultrasonic scaling, how do you work?

Answer 71

from the crown towards gum and apex

Question 72

What are the two types of ultrasonic scaling machines?

Answer 72

magnetostrictive and piezoelectric

Question 73

Which type of ultrasonic scaler is most common?

Answer 73

magnetostrictive

Question 74

In magnetostrictive, how does the tip move?

Answer 74

in an elliptical pattern

Question 75

Should you run the ultrasonic scaler without water? Why?

Answer 75

No. It will overheat the attachment and ruin it.

Question 76

What does the water spray do when using an ultrasonic scaler?

Answer 76

pulses away debris and cools the , removes biofilm

Question 77

What can kill a tooth?

Answer 77

heat

Question 78

How much time should you spend on a tooth with an US scaler?

Answer 78

10-15 seconds

Question 79

Is water used with a polishing unit?

Answer 79

no

Question 80

How long should you polish each tooth?

Answer 80

1-3 seconds

Question 81

When hand scaling, how do you work?

Answer 81

gum to crown

Question 82

If an instrument has a number on it, what does it mean?

Answer 82

lower number = straighter shank, front of mouth on incisors and canines larger number = curved shank, use on back of mouth (PM/M)

Question 83

When sharpening the cutting edge on a scaler, what do you sharpen?

Answer 83

both sides, not the toe

Question 84

WHat do you ise to remove tiny burrs on a scaler?

Answer 84

conical stone

Question 85

Define angulation.

Answer 85

relationship of the face of the instrument to the tooth