Dentistry Topic 1/2

Question 1

What do you call animals who get 2 sets of teeth?

Answer 1

Diphyodont.

Question 2

What is the canine primary teeth formula? Which teeth are they missing?

Answer 2

I 3/3 C 1/1 P3/3

No molars and one of the pre molars missing.

Question 3

What is the canine permanent teeth formula?

Answer 3

I3/3 C1/1 P4/4 M2/3

Question 4

When do the canine permanent teeth erupt?

Answer 4

3-7 months.

Question 5

What is the primary cat formula. Which teeth don’t they have?

Answer 5

I3/3 C1/1 P 3/2

No molars.

Question 6

When to cats permanent teeth erupt?

Answer 6

3-5 months.

Question 7

What is the permanent tooth formula for cats?

Answer 7

I3/3 C1/1 P3/2 M1/1

Question 8

How are cats teeth different from dogs

Answer 8

One less PM on top and 2 lwss on bottom. 1 less molar on top, 3 less on bottom.

Question 9

What is the bulk of the tooth made of?

Answer 9

Dentine.

Question 10

What is the dentine covered by on the root and the crown?

Answer 10

Enamel crown, cementum root.

Question 11

What is in the center of the tooth?

Answer 11

Pulp.

Question 12

What is enamel mostly made of?

Answer 12

96% inorganic hydroxyapatite crystals.

Question 13

What is the hardest substance in the body?

Answer 13

Enamel.

Question 14

What is the second hardest substance in the body?

Answer 14

Dentine.

Question 15

What % of dentin is inorganic?

Answer 15

70%

Question 16

What is the main structure of dentin?

Answer 16

Dentinal tubules.

Question 17

How many dentinal tubules are in 1mm of dentin. What is the issue with these?

Answer 17

30-40 thousand. Extend to pulp so dentin exposure can transmit bacteria.

Question 18

Where does the PL attach to the roots?

Answer 18

To the cementum.

Question 19

What % of cementum is inorganic? What is it similar to?

Answer 19

40-50-%. Bone.

Question 20

What is the pulp? Where is it located?

Answer 20

Living tissue at the center of the tooth. Pulp chambers, root canals.

Question 21

What is pulp made of?

Answer 21

connective tissue, vessels, nerves, lymph vessels,collagen and messynchymal cells.

Question 22

Loss of blood supply to tooth is called ___ and leads to a blue appearance called?

Answer 22

Ischemia, pulp necrosis.

Question 23

Accidental over-heating from scaling can cause?

Answer 23

pupitis, pulp necrosis.

Question 24

The gingiva surround the tooth and alveolar bone forming a ___?

Answer 24

Cusp

Question 25

Attached gingiva is seperated from the mucosa at the ___?

Answer 25

Mucogingival junction.

Question 26

What do you call the ginigval tissue in the interproximal space?

Answer 26

Interdental papilla.

Question 27

The gingival margin forms a ____?

Answer 27

Sulccus.

Question 28

What is the area called where the gingiva attaches to the tooth surface?

Answer 28

Junctional epithelium

Question 29

What must be broken in order to remove a tooth with elevators?

Answer 29

The PL.

Question 30

Where are tooth roots enclosed?

Answer 30

Alveolar sockets.

Question 31

The densest bone in the alveolar socket is called ____? On an x-ray it's called___?

Answer 31

Cribiform plate. Lamina dura.

Question 32

What comprises the periodontum?

Answer 32

Alveolar bone, PL, cementum, enamel, gingiva.

Question 33

Define mesial

Answer 33

Facing toward the rostral end of the tooth arch or toward midline.

Question 34

Define distal

Answer 34

Surface away from midline.

Question 35

If you have deciduous teeth, how do you number them?

Answer 35

Quadrant 5, 6, 7, 8.

Question 36

Within how many hours of cleaning does plaque colonize the surface of a tooth?

Answer 36

24 h

Question 37

If no home care, how long does it take for pockets to re-colonize?

Answer 37

2 weeks.

Question 38

What should you do on a puppy/kitten 1st visit?

Answer 38

Give puppy kitten packs, not too soon t start brushing.

Question 39

What term should we use to refer to a teeth clean?

Answer 39

Professional dental cleaning/treatment.

Question 40

What is prophylaxis?

Answer 40

Measure taken to prevent spread of PD disease.

Question 41

What is the difference between active and passive cleaning methods?

Answer 41

Active:brushing etc, better to prevent dse. Passive: Treats, diets etc

Question 42

What is the minimal accepted freuency for tooth brushing?

Answer 42

2 X per week.

Question 43

What are the 4 tooth brushing compliance tips?

Answer 43

1) Start early 2) Go slow 3) Be consistent 4) Provide positive reinforcement.

Question 44

A finger brush will remove ___ but not ___.

Answer 44

Plaque, tartar.

Question 45

Why is a toothbrush the best?

Answer 45

Bristles go under the gingiva and the massage strengthen the gingiva.

Question 46

What is something important regarding compliance of pets to a toothpaste?

Answer 46

It should taste good.

Question 47

Are passive home care methods sufficient to maintain healthy gums?

Answer 47

Nope.

Question 48

Dental diets. What is the purpose behind larger kibble, abrasive texture and ca chelators?

Answer 48

Mechanical action, rubs off plaque and maybe a little tartar, binds calcium to prevent tartar formation.

Question 49

What is the acronym for the approved dental diets. What does it stand for?

Answer 49

Veterinary Oral Health Council

Question 50

Where is dental food efficent, where is it not?

Answer 50

Cusp tips of gingiva. Not good for margin.

Question 51

DH food is made by who and has what qualities for which species? What is special about it?

Answer 51

Dental Health by Purina. Tartar and plaque cats. Tartar dogs. Texture.

Question 52

Royal Canin Dental formula for cats. How does it work, what's special about it?

Answer 52

Contains Na HMP which binds calcium.

Question 53

Which species is TD for? Who is it made by? What is special about it and what areas does it clean?

Answer 53

Dog/cat. Hills. Plaque and Tartar. Above gumline. Has fiber matrix technology.

Question 54

How do treats help with the teeth?

Answer 54

Develop mastical muscles so jaw, PL and tooth support are strengthened.

Question 55

What type of treats should you avoid? Name a few.

Answer 55

Toys and treats harder than bone. Ex. Nylabone, real bone, cow hooves, antler.

Question 56

What are the enzymes found in treats, gels and pastes?

Answer 56

Oxidase glucose and lactoperoxydase.

Question 57

What do rinses and gels contain? 2 things.

Answer 57

Clorhexidine, zinc.

Question 58

What do water additives sometimes contain?

Answer 58

Flouride, xylitol.

Question 59

What 2 enzymes does Virbac CET rinse products contain? How does this work?

Answer 59

Glucose oxidase & lactoperoxidase + saliva + 02 = OSCN ion which is antibacterial.

Question 60

Name 3 uses of clorhexidine?

Answer 60

Before and after cleaning. post dental before you can brush. if brushing isn't possible to allow healing ( stage 3 4 pdd )

Question 61

Gels help reduce what?

Answer 61

Inflammation and bacteria.

Question 62

What is known as the gold standard for oral disinfection?

Answer 62

Clorhex

Question 63

What is the problem id clorhex is used regularly?

Answer 63

Increased mineralization of plaque.

Question 64

Clorhex is shown to reduce what?

Answer 64

Plaque and gingivitis.

Question 65

WHat will you see with frequent use of clorhex?

Answer 65

Brown staining of plaque.

Question 66

How do you use clorhex rinse?

Answer 66

With sponge or cloth.

Question 67

Why should you not use flouride and clorhex together? How long to wait?

Answer 67

Inactivate eachother. 30-1h.

Question 68

Name 3 commercial clorhex products. What % are they?

Answer 68

CET virbac. Novaldent. BreathaLyser. 0.12%

Question 69

What is the purpose of rinsing with clorhex before cleaning?

Answer 69

To decrease aerosolized bacteria for tech.

Question 70

What does zinc do?

Answer 70

Delays accumulation of plaque.

Question 71

What does vit c do?

Answer 71

Helps healing of collagen.

Question 72

What does HMP do?

Answer 72

Binds calcium, prevents mineralization of plaque.

Question 73

Which dental iingredient is controversial.

Answer 73

Flouride.

Question 74

What does flouride do?

Answer 74

Transforms hydroxyapatite to flouroapatote. More resistent to demineralization. Teeth more cavity resistant.

Question 75

Pros of flouride? which one is antibacterial.

Answer 75

Antiplaque, antibacterial ( STANNOUS only), hardens tooth, decreases sensitivity.

Question 76

Cons of flouride?

Answer 76

Pointless for cavities really, toxic in cats if swallowed, hardening of tooth not benefical for adult, no effect of FORL, GI upset, $$$

Question 77

What is the problem for home application of flouride?

Answer 77

Can only be applied to dry teeth, animal must be anesthetized.