Deployment Automation, Arch for the Cloud Flashcards
1
Q
AWS Elastic Beanstalk
A
- Managed service for web applications on Amazon EC2
instances and Docker containers - Deploys an environment that can include Auto Scaling,
Elastic Load Balancing and databases - Considered a Platform as a Service (PaaS) solution
- Allows full control of the underlying resources
- Code is deployed using a ZIP file, WAR file or Git repository
2
Q
AWS Cloud Development Kit (CDK)
A
- Open-source software development framework to define
your cloud application resources using familiar programming
languages - Preconfigures cloud resources with proven defaults using
constructs - Provisions your resources using AWS CloudFormation
- Enables you to model application infrastructure using
TypeScript, Python, Java, and .NET - Use existing IDE, testing tools, and workflow patterns
3
Q
AWS CloudFormation
A
- Infrastructure is provisioned consistently, with fewer
mistakes (human error) - Less time and effort than configuring resources manually
- Free to use (you’re only charged for the resources
provisioned) - A template is a YAML or JSON template used to describe the
end-state of the infrastructure you are either provisioning or
changing - CloudFormation creates a Stack based on the template
- Can easily rollback and delete the entire stack as well
4
Q
Amazon CloudFront
A
- CloudFront is a content delivery network (CDN) that allows
you to store (cache) your content at “edge locations” located
around the world - This allows customers to access content more quickly and
provides security against DDoS attacks - CloudFront can be used for data, videos, applications, and
APIs - CloudFront reduces latency for global users
5
Q
AWS Global Accelerator
A
- Routes connections to application endpoints (EC2/ELB) in
multiple Regions - Improves the availability and performance of applications
with local or global users - Uses the AWS global network to optimize the path from
users to applications, improving the performance of TCP and
UDP traffic
6
Q
AWS Global Accelerator vs CloudFront
A
- Both use the AWS global network and edge locations
- CloudFront improves performance for cacheable content and
dynamic content - GA improves performance for a wide range of applications
over TCP and UDP - GA proxies connections to applications in one or more AWS Regions
- GA provides failover between AWS Regions
7
Q
AWS X-Ray
A
- AWS X-Ray helps developers analyze and debug production,
distributed applications, such as those built using a microservices architecture AWS OpsWorks
8
Q
AWS OpsWorks
A
- AWS OpsWorks is a configuration management service that
provides managed instances of Chef and Puppet - Updates include patching, updating, backup, configuration
and compliance management
9
Q
AWS Well-Architected Framework
A
Helps you understand the pros and cons of
decisions you make while building systems on AWS
Based on 6 pillars: Operational Excellence, Security, Reliability, Performance, Sustainability
10
Q
Operational Excellence Pillar
A
- Support development and run workloads
effectively - Gain insight into workload operations
- Continuously improve processes and procedures to
deliver business value
11
Q
Best practices for operational excellence pillar?
A
- Perform operations as code
- Make frequent, small, reversible changes
- Refine operations procedures frequently
- Anticipate failure
- Learn from all operational failures
12
Q
Security Pillar and best practices
A
- Protect data, systems, and assets to take advantage
of cloud technologies to improve your security - Best practices for security:
- Implement a strong identity foundation
- Enable traceability
- Apply security at all layers
- Automate security best practices
- Protect data in transit and at rest
- Keep people away from data
- Prepare for security events
13
Q
Reliability Pillar
A
- Ensuring a workload can perform its intended function
correctly and consistently when it’s expected to - This includes the ability to operate and test the
workload through its total lifecycle
14
Q
Best practices for reliability pillar?
A
- Automatically recover from failure
- Test recovery procedures
- Scale horizontally to increase aggregate workload
availability - Stop guessing capacity
- Manage change in automation
15
Q
Performance Efficiency Pillar
A
- The ability to use computing resources efficiently to
meet system requirements, and to maintain that
efficiency as demand changes and technologies
evolve
16
Q
Best practices for Performance Efficiency Pillar?
A
- Best practices for performance efficiency:
- Democratize advanced technologies
- Go global in minutes
- Use serverless architectures
- Experiment more often
- Consider mechanical sympathy
17
Q
Cost Optimization Pillar and best practices?
A
- The ability to run systems to deliver business value
at the lowest price point - Best practices for cost optimization:
- Implement Cloud Financial Management
- Adopt a consumption model
- Measure overall efficiency
- Stop spending money on undifferentiated heavy
lifting - Analyze and attribute expenditure
18
Q
Pay-as-you-go
A
- Easily adapt to changing business needs
- Improved responsiveness to change
- Adapt based on needs, not forecasts
- Reduce risk over overpositioning of missing capacity
19
Q
How do you Save when you reserve
A
- Invest in reserved capacity (e.g. RDS and EC2)
- Save up to 75% compared to on-demand (pay-as-you-go)
- The more you pay upfront the greater the discount
20
Q
How do you Pay less by using more
A
- Pay less using volume-based discounts
- Tiered pricing means the more you use the lower the unit
pricing
21
Q
Types of Billing
A
On demand
Reserved
Spot
Dedicated Instance
Dedicated Host
Savings Plan
22
Q
On-Demand Billing
A
Standard rate - no discount; no commitments; dev/test, short-term, or unpredictable workloads
23
Q
Reserved Billing
A
1 or 3-year commitment;
up to 75% discount; steady-state,
predictable workloads and reserved capacity
24
Q
Spot Instances
A
Bid for unused capacity; up to 90% discount;
can be terminated at any time; workloads
with flexible start and end times
25
Dedicated Instances
Physical isolation at the host hardware level
from instances belonging to other
customers; pay per instance
26
Dedicated Hosts
Physical server dedicated for your use;
Socket/core visibility, host affinity; pay per
host; workloads with server-bound software
licenses
27
Savings Plans
Commitment to a consistent amount of
usage (EC2 + Fargate + Lambda); Pay by
$/hour; 1 or 3-year commitment
28
Amazon S3 Pricing
* Storage class – e.g. Standard or IA
* Storage quantity – data volume stored in your buckets on a
per GB basis
* Number of requests – the number and type of requests
Lifecycle transitions requests – moving data between storage
classes
* Data transfer – data transferred out of an S3 region is
charged
29
Options to access to S3 archives - access times, retrieval and retrieval requests
Expedited Standard Bulk
Data access time 1-5 minutes, 3-5 hours, 5-12 hours
Data retrievals $0.03 per GB, $0.01 per GB, $0.0025 per GB
Retrieval requests On-Demand: $0.01 per request Provisioned: $100 per Provisioned Capacity Unit (expedited), $0.050 per 1,000
requests (standard)
$0.025 per 1,000 requests (bulk)
30
Amazon EBS Pricing
* Volumes – volume storage for all EBS volumes type is
charged by the amount of GB provisioned per month
* Snapshots – based on the amount of space consumed by
snapshots in S3
31
Amazon RDS Pricing
* Clock hours of server uptime – amount of time the DB
instance is running
* Database characteristics – e.g. database engine, size and
memory class
* Database purchase type – e.g. On-Demand, Reserved
32
Amazon DynamoDB charges?
Charged for reading, writing, and storing data
Two modes impact charging:
On-demand capacity mode
Provisioned capacity mode
33
Amazon DynamoDB On-demand capacity mode
Charged for reading, writing, and storing data
On-demand capacity mode
Charged for reads and writes
No need to specify how much capacity is required
Good for unpredictable workloads
34
Amazon DynamoDB Provisioned capacity mode
* Specify number of reads and writes per second
* Can use Auto Scaling
* Good for predictable workloads
* Consistent traffic or gradual changes
35
AWS Lambda pricing
* Number of requests
* Duration of request – rounded up to the nearest millisecond
* Price is dependent on the amount of memory allocated to
the function
36
AWS Organizations
* Consolidated billing has the following benefits:
* One bill – You get one bill for multiple accounts
* Easy tracking – You can track the charges across multiple
accounts and download the combined cost and usage data
* Combined usage – You can combine the usage across all
accounts in the organization to share the volume pricing
discounts and Reserved Instance discounts
* No extra fee – Consolidated billing is offered at no additional
cost
37
AWS Budgets
* Set Custom Budgets - set custom usage and reservation
budgets
* Configure Alerts – receive alerts when you exceed or are
forecast to exceed your alert thresholds
* Integrated with other AWS services – Includes Cost Explorer
Chatbot, and Service Catalog
38
AWS Cost Explorer
* Free tool that allows you to view charts of your costs
* Cost Explorer can be used to discover patterns in how much
you spend on AWS resources over time and to identify cost
problem areas
39
AWS Cost & Usage Report
* Publish AWS billing reports to an Amazon S3 bucket
* Reports break down costs by:
* Hour, day, month, product, product resource, tags
40
AWS Price List API
* Query the prices of AWS services
* Price List Service API
* AWS Price List API
41
Sustainability Well Arch Pillar
The ability to increase efficiency across all components of a workload by maximizing the benefits from the provisioned resources.
