Depression Flashcards
Depression
Mood disorder
Lots of different types
Is disorder major or persistent - long term or recurring
Behaviour characteristics
Anxiety levels - reduced or increase tiredness pacing of tearing skin
Sleep - more or less
Appetite - reduce or increase
Aggression or self harm
Emotional characteristics
Lowered mood or sadness empathy worthless hopeless
Anger directed at others or on self
Lower self esteem - suffer of depression tend to report reduced self esteem self loathing
Cognitive characteristics
Poor concentration - can’t stick to task or make decisions
Neglect - glass half empty and have bias view
Absolutist thinking - black and white thinking some little happens it’s seen as disaster
Becks theory of depression
Explains why people more vulnerable to depression than others
1. Faulty thought processing
2. Negative self schema
3. The negative triad
Faulty thought processing
Focuse on negative blow small stuff out of proportion - cognitive bias
Over generalisation- make conclusion based on one incident
Catastrophsing - exaggerating minor step back is a complete disaster
Negative self schema
Ideas and info developed through experiences are mental framework negative view of self and the world
Negative triad
Negative view of self - worthless and helpless enhance existing depressive feelings
Negative view of world - obstacle perceived within our environment that can’t be delt with
Negative view of future - personal worthlessness blocking improvement enhancing depression
Ellis ABC model
Acting event - external situation trigger irrational thoughts get depressed that trigger irrational beliefs
Belief - hold a belief about situations be irrational
Consequences of emotional response rational healthy emotions irrational unhealthy emotions
Strength of cognitive approach explaining depression
Supportive evidence - meta analysis studies examine cognitive vulnerability found it come before depression
Important because show it’s a valid theory for depression and establishes cause and effect
Weakness of cognitive approach to explaining depression
Simplistic no explanation for irrational thoughts causing depression
E.g low serotonin levels need antidepressants
Important as explanation not complete or valid to explain depression
CBT
Talking therapy by trained professional
Understand thoughts and feelings
Change irrational thoughts to positive
Features of CBT
Data gathering - have a diary record positive and negative thinking
Challenge irrational thoughts - comparing positive and negative thinking
Encourage patients as a scientist approach
Challenging irrational thoughts
Patient identifies irrational thought and then asked to challenge it to disapprove them and show they are irrational
Patient as a scientist
Encourage to Put irrational thoughts to test Through HW diary
Evidence to prove their thoughts are irrational
