Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Year 5 > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

(61 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

which glands produce sebum?

A

pilosebaceous follicles in response to androgens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

describe to pathophysiology of acne

A

increased androgen sensitivity. excess sebum production. obstruction of outlfow of sebum, leakage into surrounding dermis, colonisation with propionibacterium acnes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is an open comedone?

A

blackhead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is a closed comedone?

A

whitehead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what suggests moderate/ severe acne?

A

scarring, affecting trunk and lots of comedones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

conservative management for acne

A

washing BD with soap, sunlight ?beneficial, OTC benzyl peroxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are first line treatments for acne vulgaris?

A

topical antibiotics (not alone as increased risk of resistance)
topical retinoids
benzoyl peroxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is a side effect of benzoyl peroxide?

A

dry/ irritated skin, start lowest strength e.g. 2.5% and persevere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which topical antibiotics can be used for acne?

A

clindamycin/ erythromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how long can systemic treatments for acne take to work?

A

allow 4 months to assess effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

which oral antibiotics can be used for acne?

A

tetracyclines- limacycline/ doxycycline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

give an example of an oral retinoid?

A

isotretinion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

give 3 side effects of isotretinoin

A

teratogenic
dry skin
myalgia (exercise related)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are contraindications to isotretinoin?

A

tetracycline use- risk of benign intracranial HTN

POP (reduces effectiveness)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what treatment for acne can be used in F?

A

anti-androgens e.g. COCP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

treatment for fungal nail infection

A

oral terbinafine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

young adult with an abdominal herald patch, followed by erythematous, oval, scaly patches in a ‘fir-tree’ distribution

A

pityriasis rosea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is RAST?

A

radioallergosorbent test- identifies IgE to specific antigens in eczema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

pearly papules with central punctum

A

molluscum contagiosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

systemically unwell, extensive papules and blisters. history of eczcema

A

eczema herpeticum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the pathophysiology of ezcema?

A

IgE mediated T call autoimmune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what bacteria most commonly causes secondary infection of eczema?

A

staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are the 3 steps of emollient?

A

cream< lotion< ointment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

name mild corticosteroids

A

1% hydrocortisone (<2 weeks/ 5 days on face)

if no effect eumvate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
name potent corticosteroids
betnovate | dermovate (not on face, good if lichenification)
26
side effects of topical steroids
skin thinning striae formation telangectasia cushings (rare)
27
what is Auspitz sign?
sctratch of scale causes capillary bleed, +ve for psoriasis
28
2 nail changes in psoriasis
pitting | onycholysis
29
pathophysiology of psoriasis?
t cell mediated- release cytokines resulting in keratinocyte proliferation
30
multiple small discoid plaques, scaly, following strep tonsillitis
guttate psoriasis
31
5 drugs that can precipitate psoriasis
``` BB Li anti malarials NSAIDs ACE-Is ```
32
4 extra-dermal manifestations of psoriasis
arthritis IBD uveitis metabolic syndrome (DM-II, HTN, CVD)
33
what should always be co-prescribed with steroids in psoriasis?
vitamin D analogues e.g. calcitriol/ calciprotriol
34
True or false: in psoriasis start with least potent agent and titrate up
false: start with most potent agent
35
name 3 other topical treatments for psoriasis other than emollients/ steroids/ vit D analogues
coal tar preparations salicylic acid (keratolytics) retinoids
36
what can be used in secondary care for psoriasis?
phototherapy (UVB>UVA>PUVA) retinoids immunosuppression- methotrexate biologics- infliximab
37
First line for psoriasis
Vit. D analogues +/- topical steroids + tar or salicylic acid ± UVB
38
what % of skin coverage in psoriasis warrants referral to secondary care?
>10%
39
seborrhheic keratosis
flat topped/ warty, dark lesions in sun-exposed areas. reassure
40
what causes plantar warts (verruca)
HPV
41
treatment for verrucas
first line OTC salicylic acid | then: cryotherapy
42
slow growing tumour, rarely spreads
BCC
43
pearly nodule with a raised, red, edge. May be scaly. Often on the face.
BCC
44
treatment of solar keratosis
cryotherapy/ effudix
45
management of BCC
Medical- effidux | surgical- cryotherapy/ curretage/ cautery/ Moh's
46
what do solar keratoses predispose to?
SCC
47
Solitary papule / nodule, often eroded at the centre, or crusty, purulent or bleeding
SCC
48
what name is given to SCC in situ
Bowen's disease
49
management of SCC
edical- effidux (rare as no histology) | surgical- cryotherapy/ curretage/ cautery/ Moh's
50
what checklist is used for melanoma
Glasgow 7 point checkilst
51
what mnemonic can be used for melanoma diagnosis?
``` ABCDE Assymetry Border- irregulr Colour Diameter >7mm Evolving ```
52
on biopsy of melanoma what predicts outccome?
Breslow thickness, >1mm indicates high risk of metastasis and need for sentinal node biopsy
53
how many naevi increase risk of developing melanoma
>50 normal/ >2 atypical
54
Kaposi sarcoma
immunosuppression + HPV infection-> multiple purple plaques/ patches on skin + mucous membrane
55
what signs around a leg ulcer suggests a venous cause?
``` varicose veins oedema venous eczema haemosiderin deposition atrophie blanche ```
56
where are venous ulcers typically located?
around malleoli
57
where are arterial ulcers typically located?
areas of poor blood supply e.g. tibia/ toes
58
large, shallow ulcer, irregular border, pain reduced on elevation
venous ulcer
59
deep, punched out ulcer. Pain relieved by hanging leg over edge of bed
arterial ulcer
60
initially a smooth dome-shaped papule | rapidly grows to become a crater centrally-filled with keratin
keratoacanthoma
61
scabies management
permethrin 5%

Year 5 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions