derm common conditions

Question 1

describe alopecia areata

Answer 1

well demarcated alopecia patches involving face and the head which extend to ear pinnae and legs

Question 2

describe alopecia X

Answer 2

alopecia of trunk, neck and proximal legs (whole body). Affected skin becomes hyperpigmented. cosmetic disease only. usually pomeranians or poodles affected

Question 3

colour dilution alopecia

Answer 3

blue dog disease. genetic condition that causes patches of thinning hair and flaky skin in dogs with a dilute coat colour. blue dobermans most commonly affected

Question 4

cyclical flank alopecia

Answer 4

well demarcated loss of hair bilaterally on the flanks. affected skin becomes hyperpigmented. Hair usually regrows as this condition waxes and wanes.
genetic in boxer breeds

Question 5

canine demodicosis

Answer 5

usually puppies or immunocomprimised dogs affected. Patches of hair loss and red inflammed skin around face, head and feet. Non pruritic

Question 6

dermatomyositis

Answer 6

genetic disease causing inflammation of skin, muscles and blood vessles

Question 7

dermatophytosis

Answer 7

ringworm! fungal infection of skin. circular area of alopecia and crusting of skin. self limiting. itraconazole if required

Question 8

follicular dysplasia

Answer 8

hair loss that progresses over animal lifetime. hair loss begins at 4 weeks old and usually black pigmented hair affected

Question 9

hyperadrenocorticism (cushings)

Answer 9

skin becomes very thin with increased likelihood of chronic skin infections. Dark pigmented spots (comedones) are seen on ventral abdomen with some skin mineralisation (calcium deposits) on dorsal neck/shoulders. age of dog middle-old

Question 10

hyperthyroidism

Answer 10

middle aged to older cats. Appear skinny with coats appearing unkempt, matted and greasy due to no self cleaning

Question 11

hypothyroidism

Answer 11

weight gain with very dry and dull hair with excessive shedding with hyperpigmentation. hair thinning with increased susceptibility to skin and ear infections. scales, papules, pustules and epidermal collarettes

Question 12

leishmania cutaenous form

Answer 12

dog/cat been abroad
hyperkeratosis of muzzle and footpads. depigmentation of affected areas.
some nodules can appear on body with coat looking dull and brittle with some alopecia

Question 13

paraneoplastic alopecia

Answer 13

mostly affects cats.
smooth and shiny skin on ventral abdomen and hindlimbs. skin in inelastic

Question 14

pattern baldness

Answer 14

umbrella term for alopecia x, seasonal flank alopecia and symmetrical pattern alopecia

Question 15

primary keratinization defect
(primary seborrhea)

Answer 15

non pruritic, increased scale formation. often secondary inflammation seen aswell
predisposed breeds are spaniels, WHWT, daschunds

Question 16

sebaceous adenitis

Answer 16

immune mediated disorder against sebaceous glands of skin. long haired and short haired versions.
Long hair: symmetrical hairloss usually from top of head along spine. coat is dull and brittle
short hair: patchy hairloss that gives moth eaten appearance with mild skin scales
affected breeds poodle, akita, vizsla

Question 17

sertoli cell tumors

Answer 17

entire male dogs. hair loss and hyperpigmentation alongside enlarged mammary glands and nipples. preputial erythema with thinning and loss of skin elasticity

Question 18

telogen effluvium

Answer 18

reactive generalized hair shedding that occur months following a physiological or mental stressor