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Level 3 > derm/neuro/endo/HO > Flashcards

derm/neuro/endo/HO Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the pathological mechanism of action of toxic epidermal necrolysis?

A

apoptosis of keratinocytes

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2
Q

what is first line treatment for trigeminal neuralgia?

A

carbamazepine

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3
Q

what is the protein affected in DMD?

A

dystrophin

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4
Q

what is the most common malignant brain tumor in children?

A

medulloblastoma

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5
Q

what do we give people for prophylaxis for malaria?

A

ato-pro

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6
Q

what is another name for vasovagal syncope?

A

neruocardiogenic syncope

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7
Q

What is the patho of Mystethneia Gravis?
What happens with repeated contraction?
what will happen to the action potential with nerve stimualtion?
Treatment?

A

antibiodies against post synpatic ACH receptors
fatigues out
decreases
Acetylcholoneesterase inhbiotrs

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8
Q

what is the patho of lambert eaton?
what happens with continued use?
what happens to the action potential with nerve stimulation?
what cancer is strongly assocaited with lambert eaton?

A

antiboides against pre calcium recptors
stronger
increased
small cell lung cancer

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9
Q

what is the most common form of cancer in chidlren>

A

ALL

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10
Q

in DKA, what over what potassum level do we give insulin to reduce it?

A

5.2

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11
Q

what is the most important difference between pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid?

A

pemphigus is much more serious and positive nik signs

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12
Q

what are the two main diagnosis when working up a ring enhancing lesion in the brain?
management?

A

abscess or cancer
image guided biopsy

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13
Q

two meds to give for thyroid storm?

A

beta blocker and PTU

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14
Q

what is the most common infection causing erythema multiforme?

A

herpes

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15
Q

what is the image of choice for MS?

A

MRI Brain with T2 weighted

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16
Q

classic physical exam finding for lead poisoning?
diagnosis is with?
3 meds to treat it?

A

wrist or foot drop
blood level
Succ, EDTA and dimercaprol

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17
Q

what is the timeframe of treatment for shingles

A

within 72 hours, then it becomes supportive

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18
Q

acute MS treatment?
chronic MS treatment?

A

steroids
beta interferon and glat

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19
Q

what will be the distinguishing factor between candida infection with daper and irritant dermatitis?

A

skin folds for yeast

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20
Q

treatment of GBS?

A

IVIG and plasmaphersis

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21
Q

what is the most common cause of primary hyperaldosterone?
how to treat?

A

idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia
aldosterne blockers, spiro or eplerenone

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22
Q

what 3 things are lost with anterior cord syndrome?

A

voluntary movement
temp and pain

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23
Q

what is the med of choice for graves disease during pregnancy?

A

PTU

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24
Q

what protein being expressed on lymphocytes is highly sensitive for CLL?

A

CD5

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25
what is the slang term for seborrheic dermatitis?
dandruff
26
what do you need to do before LP for meningitis?
CT
27
what is neonatal cephalic pustulosis?
baby acne
28
If I see elevated gastrin with GERD symptoms, what is my thought process for the exam?
high gastric acid from gastrinoma in the duodenum, zollinger, causing PUD
29
what are the 3 lab vaulues for euthyroid sick syndrome?
tsh normal t3 low t4 normal
30
if bromocriptine doesnt work for prolcatin beig up, what is next med to use?
cabergoline
31
how to best workup a thyroid nodule?
get a tsh and ultrasound if the tsh is normal or high, get fine needle if it is low, radioactive scan
32
what tumor do most patients with mysthenia gravis have and what is treatment?
thymoma surgery
33
in graves disease, what are the antibodies attacking?
tsh receptor
34
treatment of SIADH begins with what?
fluid restriction
35
diagnosis of diabetes is made with any of the following 3 criteria?
fasting over 126 random over 200 a1c over 6.4
36
when do we treat subclinical hypothyrdidm?
symptoms are present
37
mild acne, what is first line?
topical retinoids
38
3 assocaited side effects of MM that I need to know for the exam?
anemia, hypercalcemia, and renal failure
39
If I see old person or alcoholic found down, what do i need to think about what happened to their head and what will CT show?
subdural, crescent shaped
40
what can be a long term consequence of bacterial men in kids?
hearing loss
41
what is the most common primary central nervous system tumor and what layer do they arise from?
meningioma arachnoid
42
what is responsible for the jerking movements during seiures?
glutamate
43
what to remember about lithium induced condition?
nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
44
alpha synuclein protein, and lewy bodies, what am I thinking?
parkinsons, low dopamine
45
Beta amyloid protein?
alzheimers, low achetylcholine
46
Tau Protein?
alzheimers
47
Prion Proteins?
C Jakob disease
48
boy is late on puberty and cant smell, what am I thinking?
kallman
49
3 meds for alzheimers? when to give what?
denepezil, stigmine and memantine need to give memantine in severe
50
what lab value is first affected by heparin?
ptt
51
first line treatment for lichen planus?
clobestasol
52
what skin condition is associated with gluten sensitivty and how to treat?
dermatitis herpetiformis dapsone
53
what two areas of the brain light up on MRI for C jacob disease?
putanam and caudate
54
two causes of adrenal insufficiency to remember?
addisons tuberculosis induced
55
two meds for myxedema coma
steroids and levo
56
what two times are prolnged with von willebrand? treatment?
ptt bleeding time desmopressin
57
memory problems and personaility and behvaior changes, what type of dementia?
frontotemporal dementia
58
what is mainstay treatment for diabetic retinopathy?
laser photocoauglation
59
what can be used for tourettes besides guanfacne?
pimozide
60
what abx class causes tinnitus?
aminoglycosides
61
treatment for zollinger ellsion syndrome starts with?
PPI
62
what is second line treatment for MS flare?
plasmapharesis or acth gel
63
what drug is shown to slow the progression of ALS?
riluzole
64
what is the treatment of choice for pemhpgus vulgaris?
steroids
65
what procedure to consider for basal cell carcinoma of the face?
mohs
66
what cerebral artery supplies language center?
middle
67
what can metformin cause and why is this important to know if you want to do imaging?
lactic acidosis, but only in patients with low GFR, so check a creatinine or know their kidney function before doing a CT scan with contrast
68
what body type do men 2b people have
marfanoid
69
what condition do you use cosyntropin stimulation test and why>
adddison because it should trigger cortisol to be released if the adreanls are functioniung properly
70
what is the most common cause of secondary hypothyroidism?
pituitary adenoma, not producing tsh no no t4
71
test loves to use hypothyroidism to mask what conditoon?
depression
72
spina bifidia occulta herniation?
no externally, but can internally
73
Meningocele herniation?
meninges herniate externally
74
Meningomyelocele herniation?
both cord and meninges
75
what to use to treat narcolepsy with cataplexy?
pitolisant
76
what am i thinking if a diabetic patient all of the sudden is able to control blood sugars much better?
adrenal insuficicieny
77
how to best treat adrenal insufficiency?
hydro because it has glucco and hydro
78
triad of somatostainomas?
diabetes gallstones diarrhea
79
how do you treat insulonoma?
surgery

Level 3 (17 decks)

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