Dermal

Question 1

Basal cell carcinoma def

Answer 1

Locally aggressive cutaneous tumor associated with mutations that activate sonic hedge hodge pathway.

Question 2

Morphology of BCC

Answer 2

Pearly papules with vasodil of blood vess & hence, telangectasias seen.
Rodent ulcers- advanced lesions may ulcerate & extensive local invasion of facial sinuses or bone
Some contains melanin resemble melanoma
Histo: cells resemble the normal basal cell layer of epidermis

Arise from epidermis &2 patterns seen - multifocal: originate from epidermis & spread over several square cm.
Nodular-Grow downward deeply into dermis as cords & islands of variably basophilic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei embedded in mucinous matrix& surrounded by fibroblasts&lymphocytes

Palisading-cells at periphery of tumor are arranged radially with their long axes in Parellel alignment.

Stroma retracts away from the carcinoma creating clefts.