Dermatology 1

Question 1

what are the functions of the skin

Answer 1

provide anatomical barrier
main method of heat regulation
sensory input from body
storage for lipids and water
drug absorption and waste excretion

Question 2

what is commensal flora made of

Answer 2

bacteria and fungi

Question 3

what are comedones

Answer 3

blackheads

Question 4

what are the constituents of comedones

Answer 4

keratin and sebum

Question 5

name 4 bacterial infections of the skin

Answer 5

furuncles and carbuncles
acne
erysipelas
impetigo

Question 6

what do furuncles look like

Answer 6

pockets filled with pus

Question 7

what is a caruncle

Answer 7

a group of furuncles

Question 8

what organism causes furuncles

Answer 8

staph aureus

Question 9

what do furuncles present like

Answer 9

red, painful and swollen

Question 10

what is the treatment for furuncles

Answer 10

drain pus

Question 11

what are the types of lesions involved in acne

Answer 11

comedones
papules
pustules
nodules
inflammatory cysts

Question 12

what are the causes of acne

Answer 12

follicular sensitivity to testosterone
propionibacterium acnes overgrows and leads to infection and cysts

Question 13

what is acne made worse by

Answer 13

contraceptive pills
greasy skin cleaners
systemic steroid treatment
anticonvulsant drugs
squeezing

Question 14

what is used for local management of acne

Answer 14

reduce excess oil through cleansers
antibacterial agents like benzoyl peroxide, retinoids and antibiotic lotions

Question 15

what is used for systemic management of acne

Answer 15

antibiotics
retinoids
hormone manipulation

Question 15

what is used for systemic management of acne

Answer 15

antibiotics
retinoids
hormone manipulation

Question 16

what bacteria causes erysipelas

Answer 16

streptococcus pyogenes

Question 17

what does erysipelas look like

Answer 17

defined sharp raised border
can blister and peel
systemic symptoms like fever and rigors

Question 18

how do you manage erysipelas

Answer 18

systemic antibiotics - oral or IV

Question 19

what can erysipelas progress to

Answer 19

necrotising fasciitis
septic shock

Question 20

what causes impetigo

Answer 20

staphylococcal or streptococcal organisms

Question 21

what does impetigo look like

Answer 21

crusty red blister appearance

Question 22

what is impetigo associated with

Answer 22

eczema

Question 23

what is impetigo treated with

Answer 23

topical antibiotics

Question 24

name 4 viral skin infections

Answer 24

herpes simplex shingles molluscum contagiosum warts

Question 25

what are the 4 types of herpes virus infections

Answer 25

herpes simplex shingles - herpes zoster roseola kaposi sarcoma

Question 26

what does herpes simplex affect

Answer 26

single dermatome or adjacent dermatomes

Question 27

what is herpes simplex activated by

Answer 27

trauma - physical/chemical/UV/run down

Question 28

what do you treat herpes simplex with

Answer 28

aciclovir

Question 29

what does herpes zoster affect

Answer 29

single dermatome

Question 30

what does herpes zoster present like

Answer 30

significant pain due to neural inflammation from virus in nerve rash

Question 31

how do you treat herpes zoster

Answer 31

high dose aciclovir

Question 32

what is molluscum contagiosum caused by

Answer 32

mcv - pox virus

Question 33

what does molluscum contagiosum appear as

Answer 33

clusters of small papules

Question 34

who gets molluscum contagiosum

Answer 34

children children with atopic eczema

Question 35

what are warts caused by

Answer 35

HPV

Question 36

how do you get warts

Answer 36

contact spread

Question 37

how do you treat warts

Answer 37

keratolysis cryosurgery excision

Question 38

name 5 fungal infections

Answer 38

athletes foot nail infections ringworm intertrigo pityriasis versicolor

Question 39

what does athletes foot look like

Answer 39

scaling and sogginess of skin

Question 40

how do you prevent athletes foot

Answer 40

keeping skin clean, dry and damage free

Question 41

how do you treat athletes foot

Answer 41

antifungal/antibacterial cream - miconazole

Question 42

what is onycholysis

Answer 42

nail bed fungal infection

Question 43

what does onycholysis look like

Answer 43

malformed, thick and crumbly nail

Question 44

what parts of the body are affected by ringworm

Answer 44

groin body scalp

Question 45

what is intertrigo

Answer 45

fungal infection due to chafing in moist body folds

Question 46

how do you treat intertrigo

Answer 46

topical antifungal cream - clotrimazole or miconazole

Question 47

what does pityriasis versicolor look like

Answer 47

patchy skin pigmentation

Question 48

how do you treat pityriasis versicolor

Answer 48

topical or systemic antifungal - topical ketoconazole systemic itraconazole

Question 49

what are the 2 types of skin infestation

Answer 49

scabies lice

Question 50

what is scabies

Answer 50

infection with scabies mite

Question 51

how is scabies transferred

Answer 51

contact with infected individual

Question 52

what does scabies present as

Answer 52

burrows on skin itch rash

Question 53

how do you treat scabies

Answer 53

chemical insecticides applied to whole body from chin down including under nails

Question 54

what are the 3 types of lice

Answer 54

head pubic body

Question 55

how are lice transmitted

Answer 55

close contact with an infected individual/shared items

Question 56

how do you treat lice

Answer 56

personal hygiene chemical insecticides