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Nurse Practitioner > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

A lesion type that changes over time

A

Secondary Skin Lesion

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2
Q

Definition: Visible accumulation of purulent fluid under skin

A

Pustule

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3
Q

Definition: Accumulation of serous fluid under the skin

A

Vesicle

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4
Q

Definition: Elevation of Skin

A

Plaque

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5
Q

Definition: A flat discolorated area of the skin that may have a different texture as well

A

Macule

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6
Q

Definition: A Macule that is > 1cm

A

Patch

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7
Q

Definition: A solid, small elevated lesion

A

Papule

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8
Q

Definition: “Blister” Elevation on epidermis filled with fluid

A

Bulla

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9
Q

Definition: A closed cavity or sac that contains fluid or semisolid material

A

Cyst

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10
Q

Definition: Elevated compressible papule or plaque with a red flare surrounding it

A

Wheal

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11
Q

Definition: Localized collection of disintegrated or necrotic tissue that may be purulent fluid

A

Abcess

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12
Q

Definition: A Firm or soft Mass

A

Tumor

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13
Q

Definition: Solid Mass of skin elevated or palpated

A

Nodule

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14
Q

Pattern: Twisted Coiled Spiral, Snake like

A

Gyrate; Scabies

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15
Q

Pattern: Lesions with concentric rings of color

A

Target; Lyme disease

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16
Q

Pattern: Linear arrangement along nerve route

A

Zosteriform; Herpes

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17
Q

Pattern: Scratch, streak, line, stripe

A

Linear; Contact dermatitis, scratching

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18
Q

Pattern: Cluster Lesion

A

Grouped; Herpes

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19
Q

Pattern: Lesions that run together

A

Confluent; Measles Uticaria

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20
Q

Pattern: Circular, begins in center and spreads periphery

A

Annular

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21
Q

Closed vs Open comedones Acne

A

Open: Whitehead; Closed: Blackhead

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22
Q

Comedolytic Agents for Acne

A

Benzoyl Peroxide, Salicylic Acid, Azelaic Acids, Tretinoin A, Adapalene, and Tazarotene (Pregnancy Category X)

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23
Q

Topical Atbx for Acne

A

1 Clindamycin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline, Metronidazole (Rosacea)

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24
Q

Oral Atbx for Acne

A

1 Tetracycline (Contraindicated pregnancy <9yrs), Erythromycin, Minocycline, Doxycycline, Clindamycin

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25
Q

Severe Unresponsive Acne Oral Atbx

A

Isotretinoin

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26
Q

What is the most frequently used topical abx for acne?

A

Clindamycin

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27
Q

What is the most frequently used oral abx for acne?

A

Tetracycline

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28
Q

What is the contraindication for tetracycline?

A

pregnancy and children <9

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29
Q

Best Regimen for Oral Contraceptive for Acne

A

combination therapy (including oral contraceptives); May cause browning

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30
Q

Oral contraceptives for acne

A

ortho tri-cyc;om. estrostep, yaz, beyaz

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31
Q

Inflammation of Hair Follicle

A

Folliculitis

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32
Q

Most common Bacteria Folliculitis, Carbuncle, Furuncle

A

Staph.

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33
Q

Txmt for Furuncle & Carbuncle

A

Warm Compress, MUPIROCIN; Mod Cases Dicloxacillin or Cephalexin

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34
Q

Txmt for Cellulitis

A

Dicloxacillin or Cephalexin, Allergic PCN: Clindamycin or Macrolide

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35
Q

Txtmt for Folliculitis

A

Antibacterial soap and cleanser, warm compress, Topical Atbx (Clindamycin or Mupirocin). Oral (Cephalexin, Dicloxacillin, Doxycycline, Minocycline)

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36
Q

Rapid Progression of erythematous, warm indurated area: Cause & Treatment

A

Streptococcus; PCN. If allergic Cefalexin or erythromycin

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37
Q

Thin-walled vesicle that breaks easily. HONEY-COLORED CRUST at the edge. “Satelite lesion”

A

Impetigo

38
Q

Txmt for Impetigo

A

Topical: Mupirocin or Ointment Bactroban or Centany and retapamulin (Altabax); Widespread PO Dicloxacillin, Cephalexin or Clindamycin

39
Q

Abcess formation commonly in groin and Axilla

A

Hidradenitis Supperativa

40
Q

Txment for Hidradenitis Supperativa

A

Lifestyle (Wt. loss, Cease smoke, Hygiene), Topical Atbx: Aminoglycoside (Clindamycin, Gentamicin, Erythromycin), Severe Atbx (Tetracycline, Doxycycline, Minocycline, Clindamycin, Bactrim, Erythromycin + Metronidazole)

41
Q

Infection of the nail fold

A

Paronychia

42
Q

Txtmt of Paronychia

A

Warm soak 3-4/day. Severe: augmentin, Clindamycin or Cephalexin

43
Q

Blunt sharp trauma to fingers or toes that has a collection of blood
Txmt?

A

Subungual Hematoma; Trepination

44
Q

Name that Fungal infection of the penile head; Txmt

A

Candida Balanitis; Miconazole, Clotrimazole, Steroid, Fluconazole

45
Q

Name that Fungal infection of the folds; Txmt

A

Candida Intertrigo; Talc or cornstarch, Topical Atbx Ciclopirox, Oral Atbx Fluconazole or itraconazole

46
Q

Name that Fungal infection of the scalp; Txmt
Most Common Fungus

A

Tinea Capitis caused by Trichophyton (80%); Selenium shampoo, Griseofulvin, Oral terbinafine, itraconazole or fluconazole

47
Q

Another name for Jock itch; Txmt

A

Tinea Cruris; Topical or oral antifungal

48
Q

Another name for ringworm; Txmt

A

Tinea Corporis; Topical (Miconazole, Clotrimazole, Naftifine, Econazole); Severe (Ketoconazole)

49
Q

Name that fungal infection that affects nails; Txmt

A

Tinea Unguium (Onychomycosis); Oral Antifungal (Itraconazole, Terbinafine

50
Q

Definition: Hypo/Hyperpigmentation macules on limb; Cause of Skin condition and Txmt

A

Tinea Versicolor for Pityrosporum orbiculare (Malassazia furfur); Topical selenium sulfide, Antifungal: Miconazole, Ciclopirox, Clotrimazole

51
Q

Txmt for Herpes Zoster; Txmt for Neuralgia

A

Acyclovir, Famciclovir, Valacyclovir
Gabapentin (Neurontin), Pregabalin (Lyrica)

52
Q

What age to administer Herpes Vaccine, Type, Frequency

A

Shingrix x2 (2-6 mnth apart) at age 50

53
Q

Small patches on the sun-exposed body area that is rough, flesh-colored, pink, or hyperpigmented

A

Actinic Keratosis

54
Q

Cancer type that arises from Actinic Keratosis

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

55
Q

Acronym for Skin assessment; Identity A, B, C, D, E, E

A

Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter > 6mm
Elevation, Enlargement

56
Q

A slow-growing lesion that is waxy, pearly appearance type that has a central depression or rolled edge; what is a telangiectatic vessel?

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma; Spider veins

57
Q

Scaly firm, irregular papule or nodule that develops over a few months that bleeds; Common area to find skin condition?

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Sun exposed skin on fair skin people

58
Q

Benign growth or lesions that are black, brown, or black plaques
Painful vs Nonpainful?

A

Seborrheic Keratoses

59
Q

Yellow plaques under the skin or on the inner canthus;

A

Xanthelasma

60
Q

Eczema vs Psoriasis: Acute Flare ups

A

Eczema

61
Q

Eczema vs Psoriasis: Dry leathery lichenification

A

Eczema

62
Q

Eczema vs Psoriasis: Auspitz Sign; Please define.

A

Psoriasis; Droplets of blood when scales removed

63
Q

Eczema vs Psoriasis: Itchy red defined plaques with silvery scales

A

Psoriasis

64
Q

Eczema vs Psoriasis: Inflammed scabbed lesions that are red shiny or thickened patches

A

Eczema

65
Q

Eczema vs Psoriasis: Treatment includes UVB light exposure

A

Psoriasis

66
Q

Topical treatment for psoriasis in the scalp

A

Salicylic acid shampoo, Tar

67
Q

Topical Steroid for Psoriasis

A

Btamethasone

68
Q

Sharp-defined border with Redness, pruritis, and scabbing

A

Allergic Contact dermatitis

69
Q

Benign hyperproliferative inflammation of the skin

A

Psoriasis

70
Q

Herald Patch that follows a Christmas tree pattern

A

Pityriasis Rosea

71
Q

Txmt for Pityriasis Rosea

A

Oral antihistamine, Topical antipruritic, cold compress, Topical steroid, UVB lights, Oral erythromycin

71
Q

Txmt for Pityriasis Rosea

A

Oral antihistamine, Topical antipruritic, cold compress, Topical steroid, UVB lights, Oral erythromycin

72
Q

Differential for Pityriasis Rosea. Define three differences

A

Syphilis - Non-pruritic, Palmar or plantar surface, Few and Perfect
Pityriasis Rosea - Pruritic, Trunk or proximal extremity, Christmas tree

73
Q

Transmitting a tick-borne pathogen takes how many hours to transmit.

A

> 24 hrs

74
Q

Bacterial species that transmit Lyme disease

A

Borrelia Burgdorferi

75
Q

Bacterial species that transmit Rocky Mountain spotted fever

A

Rickettsiea Rikettsii

76
Q

Trmt for Lyme disease

A

1 Doxycycline then Amoxicillin

77
Q

Trmt for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

A

Adults only: Doxycycline (Stains teeth)
Peds only: Amoxicillin

78
Q

Lyme vs Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever: Bull’s eye

A

Lyme disease

79
Q

Lyme vs Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever: Petechial Rash, Abdominal and Joint pain

A

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

80
Q

Confirmatory Test for Lyme disease

A

Western Blot, but start with ELISA

81
Q

Standard for Rocky Mountain spotted fever test

A

Indirect immunofluorescence assay, but also order PCR and Immunohistochemical staining

82
Q

Flat, red, spot lesions that turn into a small blister-filled clear fluid than turn into a pus

A

Small Pox

83
Q

Purplish flat bumps on the wrist, lower back, ankles, genitals, scalp and nails
Painful sores in the mouth or genitals

A

Lichen Planus

84
Q

Primary way of diagnosing Small pox

A

First lesion: Mucosa/palate, face or forearm
Centrifugal distribution (Face and distal extremity)
Lesions are in the same stage
Scabs to deep pitted scars

85
Q

Lichen Planus is associated with another disorder

A

Hepatitis C

86
Q

Mgmt Anthrax

A

Vaccine (Risk Prone individuals)
Atbx (PCN, Cipro, Doxycycline)
Report Health department and Isolate

87
Q

Fulminant phase of Anthrax

A

Fever, Diaphoresis, Septic Shock

88
Q

Prodromal phase of Anthrax

A

Vague flu-like symptoms fever, dyspnea, malaise, Myalgia

89
Q

Pruritic papule -> Ulcers -> Necrotic central eschar with edema -> Eschar dry loosens, separates to permanent scar

A

Anthrax

90
Q

Anal/Genital wart

A

Condyloma acuminata

91
Q

Txmt for Condyloma acuminata

A

Imiquimod, Podofilox, Cryosurgery, Trichloroacetic acid or bichloracetic acid

Nurse Practitioner (9 decks)

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