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Nurse Practitioner > Pulmonology > Flashcards

Pulmonology Flashcards

1
Q

Definition: Normal Lung consolidation

A

Clear Auscultation
Resonance with percussion
Upper airway clear with coughing

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2
Q

Bacterial acute bronchitis differs from other sources

A

Symptoms persist > 1 week, Fever or a smoker

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3
Q

Treatment for Atbx for Bacterial Bronchitis

A

Macrolide, Doxycycline, Bactrim

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4
Q

Asthma Red Flags

A

Resp. Distress, Difficulty speaking in sentences, Diaphoresis, Accessory muscle, RR> 28, Pulse > 110, Hyperressonance, Cough, Chest tightness, Pulses paradoxus > 12 mm Hg

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5
Q

Which white blood cell type would be elevated with Asthma?

A

Eosinophils

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6
Q

Hospitalization is recommended for these two specific results for PFT

A

Forced Expiratory Volume 1 does not improve after bronchodilator
Peak flow < 60 liters/minute or no improvement after treatment

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7
Q

Define: Chronic Bronchitis and how does it differ from acute

A

Excessive secretion of bronchial mucus manifested by cough for three months or more in two consecutive years; > 35 yrs

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8
Q

Define Emphysema

A

Permanent enlargement of alveoli > 50 yrs

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9
Q

What effects does tiotropium bromide for COPD

A

Bronchodilation, Thin mucus

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10
Q

What is low severity ATBX treatment for CAP

A

No Comorbidities <3 months; Amoxicillin, Doxycycline, Macrolide (Azithromycin, Clarithromycin)

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11
Q

What is a moderate to severe ATBX treatment for CAP

A

Comorbidities or Resistant organism; (Augmentin or Cephalosporin) + (Macrolide or Doxycycline)
Monotherapy Fluoroquinolone (Levofloxacin or Moxifloxacin)

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12
Q

Tuberculosis Regimen

A

Rifampin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol

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13
Q

Perform tests prior to treatment of tuberculosis; How long to treat HIV patient

A

Liver function, CBC, Creatine baseline; Visual acuity with ethambutol

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14
Q

Which bacteria is responsible for Pertussis? Dx necessary

A

Bordetella Pertussis; PCR, Culture

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15
Q

Treatment for pertussis differs from another cough

A

Treatment first three weeks (Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, or erythromycin)
Do not use cough medication
Provide plenty fluids and frequent meals (Dehydration and Vomiting)

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16
Q

When can Tdap be safely administered with a pregnant woman

A

Third trimester

17
Q

True or False: Residual volume decreases as we age

A

False: Volume of air expelled becomes less due to increased residual volume

18
Q

True or false: Hyperressonance to percussion is a normal finding for older adult

A

True

19
Q

True or false: Alviolar surface decreases up to 20% causing decreased oxygen uptake

A

True

20
Q

Hospitalization is recommended for acute asthma exacerbation for two scenarios

A

If FEV1 does not improve after initiating Bronchodilator
if Peak flow is <60 liters/minute initially or does not improve after treatment

21
Q

Pulmonary function test: Volume of gas forcefully expelled from the lungs after maximal inspiration

A

FVC

22
Q

Pulmonary function test: Volume of gas in lungs after maximal inspiration

A

TLC

23
Q

Pulmonary function test: Volume of gas remaining in lungs after maximal expiration

A

RV

24
Q

Pulmonary function test: Functional Residual capacity

A

FRV

25
Q

Pulmonary function test: Volume of gas expelled the first second of the FVC maneuver

A

FEV1

26
Q

COPD and Emphysema: Diagnostic under Pulmonary Function test

A

FEV1 and other expiratory measurement airflow reduced
TLC, FRC, and RV may be increased

27
Q

Identify Step III of Asthma in adults

A

Low-dose ICS and LABA

28
Q

Identify Step IV of Asthma in adults

A

Medium dose ICS and LABA

29
Q

Identify Step II of Asthma in adults

A

Low-dose ICS only

30
Q

Identify Step I of Asthma in adults

A

SABA only

31
Q

Identify last step of the Asthma in adults

A

High dose ICS and LABA; Add short course of corticosteroid - Refer pulmonologist for phenotypic testing and added treatment

Nurse Practitioner (9 decks)

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