Dermatology

Question 1

Name 2 causative organisms of bacterial skin infection

Answer 1

Staphylococcal

Streptococcal

Question 2

Name 2 causative organisms for viral skin infection

Answer 2

HPV

HSV

Question 3

Name 2 causative organisms for fungal skin infections

Answer 3

Candida
Tinea
Yeasts

Question 4

What area is affected in cellulitis?

Answer 4

deep subcutaneous tissue

Question 5

What are is affected in Erysipelas

Answer 5

Upper subcutaneous tissue and dermis

Question 6

Common causative organisms of Erysipelas/Cellulitis?

Answer 6

Strep pyogenes

Staph aureus

Question 7

Common site of ceullulitis/erysipelas?

Answer 7

Lower limb (often shins)

Question 8

Systemic symptoms more common in erysipelas or cullulitis?

Answer 8

Erysipelas

Question 9

Sign that is useful in distinguishing erysipelas from cellulitis

Answer 9

well defined, raised, red border

Question 10

First choice abx for erysipelas/cellulitis

Answer 10

Flucloxacillin

clarithromycin if allergic, erythromycin if pregnant

Question 11

5 conditions that predispose a person to erysipelas/cellulitis

Answer 11

Diabetes, venous insufficiency, eczema, oedema, immune suppression

Question 12

What abx would you use if cellulitis/erysipelas on eyes/nose?

Answer 12

Co-amox

Question 13

2 causes of malar butterfly rash

Answer 13

Erysipelas

SLE

Question 14

How do you assess change in cellulitis/erysipelas?

Answer 14

Draw round it and date it

Question 15

Classic lesions of impetigo

Answer 15

Yellow crusting lesions around the mouth

Can be upper limbs/hands

Question 16

Impetigo affects which layer of the skin

Answer 16

Epidermis only

Question 17

Causative organisms of impetigo

Answer 17

Staph aureus
Strep pyogenes
Pseudomonas (rarer, associated with baths)

Question 18

2 types of impetigo

Answer 18

Non-bullous

Bullous

Question 19

Normal treatment for impetigo

Answer 19

Watch and wait with isolation

Question 20

Name a topical antiseptic cream used in impetigo

Answer 20

Hydrogen peroxide 1% cream

Question 21

1st line antibiotic for impetigo

Answer 21

Fuisidic acid 2%

Question 22

What condition is indicated by a small painless papule that rapidly forms an ulcer

Answer 22

This is a chancre, so syphilis

Question 23

Ringworm is technically known as what?

Answer 23

Dermatophytosis (tinea)

Question 24

What type of pathogen is candida?

Answer 24

Yeast

Question 25

What treatment is used for oral candiasis

Answer 25

Miconazole gel

Question 26

2nd line treatment for oral candidiasis

Answer 26

Nystatin

Question 27

Causative organism in scabies

Answer 27

Sarcoptes Scabiei

Question 28

How long after infection with scabies are patients symptomatic?

Answer 28

3-4 weeks

Question 29

1st line treatment for scabies

Answer 29

permethrin 5%

Question 30

proprionobacterium are associated with which disease?

Answer 30

Acne

Question 31

What group of hormones drives acne?

Answer 31

Androgens

Question 32

In acne, what happens to keratin?

Answer 32

Hyperkeratinisation of the skin leads to blockage of the sebacious follicle

Question 33

Obstruction of the sebaceous follicle causes what?

Answer 33

Acne

Question 34

What is the source of P. acne?

Answer 34

They are commensals in the follicle

Question 35

Name 3 non-retinoid treatments for Acne

Answer 35

``` Topical antibiotics (not to be used in monotherapy) Benzoyl peroxide (mild) Azelaic acid ```

Question 36

Name 3 retinoids

Answer 36

Isotretinoin, tretinoin, adapaline

Question 37

What commonly prescribed drug is an unlicensed treatment for acne in women

Answer 37

OCP (anti-androgen)

Question 38

systemic treatment for Acen

Answer 38

Oral isetretinoin | Has to be done in hospital due to potential toxicity

Question 39

Tool for identifying a skin lesion as melanoma-like

Answer 39

``` ABCDE Asymmetry Border (irregular) Colour (mixed colours) Diameter (>6mm) Evolution (changes in shape/size) ```

Question 40

Which precancerous lesion can become squamous cell carcinoma?

Answer 40

Actinic keratosis

Question 41

What is Bowen's disease

Answer 41

Early stage SCC | aka SCC in situ

Question 42

What viral infection can cause SCC?

Answer 42

HPV

Question 43

Presentation of SSC?

Answer 43

``` Usually on head and neck (sun exposure) Ulcer Bleeding May have bleeding May have enlarged lymph node ```

Question 44

Investigation for SSC

Answer 44

Full or partial excision with histology

Question 45

Surgical treatment for SSC

Answer 45

Curretage and cautery (cut it out and burn the bottom) Cryotherapy/cryosurgery

Question 46

Medical treatment for SSC

Answer 46

Used only in cases where very small/premalignant Imiquimod (wart cream) Flourouracil Diclofenac (actinic keratosis)