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Dermatology - lesion terminology Flashcards

https://dermnetnz.org/topics/terminology https://stanfordmedicine25.stanford.edu/the25/dermatology.html (58 cards)

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1
Q

pustule
-define

A

pus containing bubble

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2
Q

macule
- define shape and size

A

small spot, not palpable
<1cm

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3
Q

patch
- define shape and size

A

large spot, not palpable
>1cm

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4
Q

papule
- define shape and size

A
  • superficial bump
  • palpable, elevated
  • <1cm
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5
Q

plaque
- define shape and size

A

large superficial bump, elevated, >1cm

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6
Q

nodule
- define shape and size

A
  • palpable elevated bump
  • significant deep component
  • < 1cm
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7
Q

tumor (skin)
- define shape and size

A

large bump
significant deep component
> 1cm

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8
Q

vesicle (skin)
- define shape and size

A

small
fluid filled bubble
superficial
< 0.5cm

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9
Q

bulla
- define shape and size

A

large
fluid filled bubble
can be superficial or deep
> 0.5cm

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10
Q

cyst (skin)
- definition

A

sac containing fluid or semisolid material of cells, or cell products

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11
Q

scale (skin)
- define
- what skin layer is affected

A
  • accumulation or excess shedding of stratum corneum
  • indicates epidermal involvement
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12
Q

crust (skin)
- define
- what fluids it come from

A
  • dried exudate on skin surface.
  • Can be blood, serum or pus
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13
Q

excoriation (skin)
- define

A

loss of skin surface due to scratching or picking

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14
Q

lichenification (skin)
- define

A

think leathery; its thick and dry, and the skin lines stick out way more
increased prominence of skin lines and creases, from chronic rubbing

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15
Q

maceration (skin)
- define, describe its characteristics

A

water-logged skin
- appears whitish, somewhat swollen, wrinkling and is softer than regular skin

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16
Q

fissure (skin)
- define

A

linear crack in skin

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17
Q

erosion (epithelium)
- define

A
  • superficial open wound
  • loss affects epidermis or mucosa only
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18
Q

ulcer (epithelium)
- define

A
  • deep open wound
  • partial or complete loss of dermis / submucosa
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19
Q

wheals, hives
- define

A

short-lived oedematous, well circumscribed papule or plaque

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20
Q

burrow (skin)
- define

A

-small, threadlike, ‘curvilinear’ papule
-pathognomic of scabies

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21
Q

open vs closed comedoes
- morphology difference
- color difference

A
  • open comedoes have keratinous content that can be extracted or expressed. closed comedoes look like there is epithelium formed over it
  • open comedoes look black, grey, orange or brown. closed comedoes are skin coloured
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22
Q

open vs closed comedoes
- alternate names

A

blackheads - open comedo
whitehead - closed comedo

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23
Q

alternate name for blackhead

A

open comedo

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24
Q

alternate name for whitehead

Study These Flashcards
A

closed comedo

25
alternate name for open comedo
blackhead
26
alternate name for closed comedo
whitehead
27
atrophy (skin) - define
thinning of the skin epidermis, dermis
28
hypertrophic scar vs keloid - define
- both are scars that grow more than it should - but keloids grow past the wound boundaries
29
fibrosis / sclerosis (skin) - define
dermal scarring or thickening
30
telangiectasia - define
dilated superficial dermal blood vessels
31
milium - define
small superficial keratin containing cyst
32
terms to describe a flat non palpable skin lesion, by size
macule < 1cm patch > 1cm
33
terms to describe a raised, palpable superficial skin lesion, by size
papule <1cm plaque >1cm
34
terms to describe a palpable skin lesion with a deeper segment, by size
nodule <1cm tumor >1cm
35
terms to describe a fluid filled spherical skin lesion, by size
vesicle < 0.5cm bulla > 0.5cm
36
difference between a vesicle, pustule, and a cyst
- vesicles contain any fluid - pustules contain pus (dead white blood cells) - cysts contain cells or cellular material like keratin
37
difference between papule and nodule
papillae are superficial lesions nodules have a deeper component
38
difference between plaques and tumors (skin)
plaques are superficial lesions, tumours have a deeper component
39
comedo - define
a blocked hair follicle aka a plugged follicular orifice
40
2 different types of comedoes
open comedo/blackhead closed comedoes/whitehead
41
characteristics of a blackhead (3)
- a blocked hair follicle - has an open orifice at the skin surface - contents inside are visible, blackish debris
42
characteristics of an open comedo (3) - what does it look like
- a blocked hair follicle - has an open orifice at the skin surface - contents inside are visible, blackish debris - appears black, brown or tan
43
color of a whitehead
- a blocked hair follicle - opening is covered by skin - color would approximate skin color
44
color of a closed comedo
- color would approximate skin color
45
difference between a closed comedo and milium / milia - shape - contents
milium is a keratin cyst comedoes are blocked hair follices milium contain only keratin proteins comedoes have a mix of keratin, sebum, hair and other stuff
46
what is inside a comedo
mix of keratin, sebum (oily), hair
47
acral distribution - define (5)
located in distal extremities eg - ears - fingers and toes - nose - penis - nipple
48
what are the blaschko lines
lines of skin that are thought to represent epidermal cell migration and proliferation during fetal development
49
herpetiform distribution - define
solid papules within a cluster
50
describe koebnerisation
formation of new lesions from an existing skin disease in a previously healthy area that had been traumatised
51
what is a nummular lesion
a circular, coin shaped lesion
52
another name for nummular lesions
discoid lesions
53
what is a target lesion
a lesion that forms concentric rings
54
another name for target lesion
iris lesion
55
what is a gyrate lesion
rash that appears to be whirling in a circle or spiral
56
what is an annular lesion
forms a ring or circular shape, empty in the middle
57
erythema (skin) - define
skin redness caused by increased blood supply
58
telangiectasia (skin) - define
prominent cutaneous blood vessels

dermatology (8 decks)

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