Dermatology Overview

Question 1

What is a primary dermatologic lesion?

Answer 1

A lesion present at birth or the result of disease, allergic reaction, or environmental agents

Question 2

Name four primary dermatologic lesions

Answer 2

macule, patch, papule, plaque, vesicle, bulla, nodule, wheal, pustule

Question 3

What do you call a flat lesion that is perceptible only as an area of color different from the surrounding skin

Answer 3

macule

Question 4

what do you call a solid, elevated lesion that is less than .5 cm in size

Answer 4

papule

Question 5

what do you call a lesion that looks like a macule but is larger than 0.5 cm

Answer 5

patch

Question 6

what do you call a solid, plateau-like elevation that has a large surface area in comparison with its height above skin level and a diameter larger than 0.5 cm

Answer 6

plaque

Question 7

what do you call a fluid filled cavity or elevation smaller than 0.5 cm

Answer 7

vesicle

Question 8

what do you call a fluid filled cavity or elevation larger than 0.5 cm

Answer 8

bulla

Question 9

what do you call a sound, round or ellipsoidal, palpable lesion with a diameter larger than 0.5 cm

Answer 9

nodule

Question 10

what do you call swelling of the skin that is characteristically evanescent and disappears within hours? What are two other names for this lesion?

Answer 10

wheal, hives, or urticaria

Question 11

what do you call an encapsulated sac lined with true epithelium that contains fluid or semisolid material (cells and cell products)

Answer 11

cyst

Question 12

what is a secondary dermatolic lesion

Answer 12

changes in the skin as a result of primary skin lesions

Question 13

what are four examples of secondary lesions

Answer 13

scale, crust, erosion, fissure, ulceration, excoriation, and lichenification

Question 14

what do you call a defect in which the dermis and at least the papillary (upper) dermis have been destroyed?

Answer 14

ulcer

Question 15

what do you call a flat plate or flake arising from the outermost layer of stratum corneum?

Answer 15

scale (desquamation)

Question 16

what do you call hardened deposits on the skin that result from dried serum, blood, or purulent exudate?

Answer 16

crust

Question 17

what color is crust from dried serous secretions?

Answer 17

yellow-brown

Question 18

what color is crust from purulent secretions?

Answer 18

turbid yellowish-green

Question 19

what color is crust from hemorrhagic secretions?

Answer 19

reddish-black

Question 20

what should you think if you see a honey crusted lesion

Answer 20

impetigo

Question 21

what do you call a moist, circumscribed lesion that results from loss of some or all of the viable epidermal or mucosal epithelium

Answer 21

erosion

Question 22

what do you call surface excavations of epidermis as a result of scratching

Answer 22

excoriation

Question 23

what do you call proliferation of fibrous tissue that replace previously normal tissue after a wound breaches the reticular dermis

Answer 23

scar

Question 24

what do you call reactive thickening of the skin with accentuated markings (resembles tree bark)

Answer 24

lichenification

Question 25

what is glossy, almost transparent, paper thin and wrinkled skin that may not retain normal skin lines

Answer 25

atrophic

Question 26

what is formed when several furuncles coalesce

Answer 26

carbuncle

Question 27

what do you call an inflamed follicle-centered nodule with a central necrotic plug and an overlying pustule

Answer 27

furuncle

Question 28

what do you call localized accumulation of purulent material that is soo deep in the dermis that the pus is usually not visible on the surface of the skin

Answer 28

abscess

Question 29

what skin lesion presents as pink, erythematous, warm, tender, fluctuant nodule? What population is this lesion common in?

Answer 29

abscess; addicts

Question 30

what do you call a wavy, threadlike tunnel through the outer portion of the epidermis that is excavated by a parasite? What is a common cause of this lesion?

Answer 30

burrow; scabies

Question 31

what do you call redness due to vascular dilatation

Answer 31

erythema

Question 32

what do you call redness due to extravasated erythrocytes or erythrocyte products

Answer 32

purpura

Question 33

how do you differentiate between erythema and purpura

Answer 33

erythema blanches, purpura doesn't

Question 34

what do you call purpura that are less than 1 cm in diameter

Answer 34

petechiae

Question 35

what do you call bright, non-pulsatile red lines or net-like patterns on the skin (persistent dilatations of small capillaries in the superficial dermis)

Answer 35

telangiectasia

Question 36

what do you call a hair follicle infundibulum that is dilated and plugged by keratin and lipids

Answer 36

comedone

Question 37

what do you call a hyperkeratotic conical mass of cornified cells arising over an abnormally differentiating epidermis

Answer 37

horn

Question 38

what do you call hard, whitish nodules or plaques in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue

Answer 38

calcinosis

Question 39

what do you call linear loss of continuity of the skin's surface that reslults from excessive tension or decreased elasticity of the involved tissue

Answer 39

fissure

Question 40

what do you call excessive accumulation of scale resulting in a yellowish thickening of the skin (usually on palms or soles)

Answer 40

keratoderma

Question 41

what do you call linear depressions of the skin that result from changes in reticular collagen and are caused by rapid stretching of the skin

Answer 41

striae

Question 42

what do you call a tract connecting deep suppurative cavities to each other or to the surface of the skin? What usually causes these?

Answer 42

sinus; infection

Question 43

how do you describe a ringe shaped lesion with an edge that is raised, scaly, or of a different color

Answer 43

annular

Question 44

how do you describe a coin shaped lesion with uniform morphology

Answer 44

nummular

Question 45

how do you describe coalescing circles, rings, or incomplete rings

Answer 45

polycyclic

Question 46

how do you describe arc-shaped lesions that are often incomplete formations of annular lesions

Answer 46

arcuate

Question 47

how do you describe lesions with somewhat regularly spaced rings or partial rings with sparing of intervening skin

Answer 47

reticular

Question 48

how do you describe a serpentine or snake-like lesion

Answer 48

serpiginous

Question 49

how do you describe a target-like lesion with at least three distinctive zones? What is this common with?

Answer 49

targetoid; lyme disease

Question 50

how do you describe a lesion with two distinct colors interspersed in a wavy pattern

Answer 50

whorled