Describe Core Solutions and Management Tools

Question 1

________ enables devices to gather and then relay information for data analysis. It consists of smart devices that are equipped with sensors that collect data.

Answer 1

IoT

Question 2

____________ is the ability of devices to garner and then relay information for data analysis.

Answer 2

IoT Internet of Things

Question 3

___________ is a fully managed global IoT SaaS solution that makes it easy to connect, monitor, and manage IoT assets at scale.

Answer 3

Azure IoT Central

Question 4

_____________ is a managed service hosted in the cloud that acts as a central message hub for bi-directional communication between IoT applications and devices it manages.

Answer 4

Azure IoT Hub

Question 5

_________ is a secured, high-level application platform with built-in communication and security features for Internet connected devices.

Answer 5

Azure Sphere

Question 6

Use _________to build IoT solutions with reliable and secure communications between millions of IoT devices and a cloud-hosted solution back end. With it, you can connect virtually any device.

Answer 6

Azure IoT Hub

Question 7

True or false: The IoT Hub service supports one-way communications from the device to the cloud.

Answer 7

False. The IoT Hub service supports communications both from the device to the cloud and from the cloud to the device. It also supports multiple messaging patterns, such as device-to-cloud telemetry, file upload from devices, and request-reply methods to control your devices from the cloud.

Question 8

From a cloud-to-device perspective, IoT Hub allows for ___________________. That is, you can have either manual or automated remote control of connected devices, so you can instruct the device to open valves, set target temperatures, restart stuck devices, and so on.

Answer 8

command and control

Question 9

_____________ builds on top of IoT Hub by adding a dashboard that allows you to connect, monitor, and manage your IoT devices.

Answer 9

Azure IoT Central

Question 10

True or false: With Azure IoT Central, you can watch the overall performance across all devices in aggregate, and you can set up alerts that send notifications when a specific device needs maintenance. Finally, you can push firmware updates to the device.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

A key part of IoT Central is the use of _____________. By using these, you can connect a device without any service-side coding. IoT Central uses the templates to construct the dashboards, alerts, and so on.

Answer 11

device templates

Question 12

__________ creates an end-to-end, highly secure IoT solution for customers that encompasses everything from the hardware and operating system on the device to the secure method of sending messages from the device to the message hub. It has built-in communication and security features for internet-connected devices.

Answer 12

Azure Sphere

Question 13

What are the 3 parts of Azure Sphere?

Answer 13

• The first part is the Azure Sphere micro-controller unit (MCU), which is responsible for processing the operating system and signals from attached sensors. The following image displays the Seeed Azure Sphere MT3620 Development Kit MCU, one of several different starter kits that are available for prototyping and developing Azure Sphere applications.
• The second part is a customized Linux operating system (OS) that handles communication with the security service and can run the vendor’s software.
• The third part is Azure Sphere Security Service, also known as AS3. Its job is to make sure that the device has not been maliciously compromised. When the device attempts to connect to Azure, it first must authenticate itself, per device, which it does by using certificate-based authentication. If it authenticates successfully, AS3 checks to ensure that the device hasn’t been tampered with. After it has established a secure channel of communication, AS3 pushes any OS or approved customer-developed software updates to the device.de

Question 14

What IoT hub production can your programmers use create a customized set of management tools and reports?

Answer 14

IoT Hub RESTful API

Question 15

What IoT product would you use if you wanted a pre-built customizable user interface with which you can view and control your devices remotely? With this solution, you can control a single device or all devices at once, and you can set up alerts for certain conditions, such as a device failure.

Answer 15

IoT Central

Question 16

True or false: IoT Sphere integrates with many different Azure products, including IoT Hub, to create a dashboard with reports and management features.

Answer 16

False. IoT Central integrates with many different Azure products, including IoT Hub, to create a dashboard with reports and management features.

Question 17

What are key criteria that would lead to deciding which IoT product to use?

Answer 17

1. Is it critical to ensure that the device is not compromised? Not in every case. Manufacturers and customers would rather not have their devices to be maliciously compromised and used for nefarious purposes, however in some cases it’s more critical to ensure the integrity than others. Do I need a dashboard for reporting and management?
2. Your next decision will be the level of services you require from your IoT solution. If you merely want to connect to your remote devices to receive telemetry and occasionally push updates, and you don’t need any reporting capabilities, you might prefer to implement Azure IoT Hub by itself. Your programmers can still create a customized set of management tools and reports by using the IoT Hub RESTful API. However, if you want a pre-built customizable user interface with which you can view and control your devices remotely, you might prefer to start with IoT Central.

Question 18

When security is a critical consideration in your product’s design, what is the best IoT product, which provides a comprehensive end-to-end solution for IoT devices?

Answer 18

Azure Sphere

Question 19

True or false: Azure Sphere ensures a secure channel of communication between the device and Azure by controlling everything from the hardware to the operating system and the authentication process. This ensures that the integrity of the device is uncompromised. After a secure channel is established, messages can be received from the device securely, and messages or software updates can be sent to the device remotely.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

_____________ provides a complete solution for scenarios where security is critical.

Answer 20

Azure Sphere

Question 21

A company wants to build a new voting kiosk for sales to governments around the world. Which IoT technologies should the company choose to ensure the highest degree of security?

• IoT Hub
• IoT Central
• Azure Sphere

Answer 21

Azure Sphere

Azure Sphere provides the highest degree of security to ensure the device has not been tampered with.

Question 22

A company wants to quickly manage its individual IoT devices by using a web-based user interface. Which IoT technology should it choose?

• IoT Hub
• IoT Central
• Azure Sphere

Answer 22

IoT Central

IoT Central quickly creates a web-based management portal to enable reporting and communication with IoT devices.

Question 23

You want to send messages from the IoT device to the cloud and vice versa. Which IoT technology can send and receive messages?

• IoT Hub
• IoT Central
• Azure Sphere

Answer 23

IoT Hub

An IoT hub communicates to IoT devices by sending and receiving messages.

Question 24

______________ is a category of computing that adapts and improves its decision-making ability over time based on its successes and failures.

Answer 24

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Question 25

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a platform for making predictions. It consists of tools and services that allow you to connect to data to train and test models to find one that will most accurately predict a future result. After you've run experiments to test the model, you can deploy and use it in real time via a web API endpoint.

Answer 25

[Azure Machine Learning](https://azure.microsoft.com/services/machine-learning/)

Question 26

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ provides prebuilt machine learning models that enable applications to see, hear, speak, understand, and even begin to reason. Use this to solve general problems, such as analyzing text for emotional sentiment or analyzing images to recognize objects or faces.

Answer 26

[Azure Cognitive Services](https://azure.microsoft.com/services/cognitive-services/)

Question 27

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and ________________ are platforms for creating virtual agents that understand and reply to questions just like a human.

Answer 27

[Azure Bot Service](https://azure.microsoft.com/services/bot-service/) Bot Framework

Question 28

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a bit different from Azure Machine Learning and Azure Cognitive Services in that it has a specific use case. Namely, it creates a virtual agent that can intelligently communicate with humans.

Answer 28

Azure Bot Service

Question 29

What are the 2 basic approaches to AI?

Answer 29

There are two basic approaches to AI. The first is to employ a ***deep learning*** system that's modeled on the neural network of the human mind, enabling it to discover, learn, and grow through experience. The second approach is ***machine learning***, a data science technique that uses existing data to train a model, test it, and then apply the model to new data to forecast future behaviors, outcomes, and trends.

Question 30

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a system that's modeled on the neural network of the human mind, enabling it to discover, learn, and grow through experience.

Answer 30

***deep learning***

Question 31

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a data science technique that uses existing data to train a model, test it, and then apply the model to new data to forecast future behaviors, outcomes, and trends.

Answer 31

machine learning

Question 32

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is used to detect credit card fraud by analyzing each new transaction and using what it has learned from analyzing millions of fraudulent transactions.

Answer 32

machine learning

Question 33

True or false: Virtually every device or software system that collects textual, visual, and audio data could feed a machine learning model that makes that device or software system smarter about how it functions in the future.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

What AI product would you chose if your data scientists need complete control over the design and training of an algorithm using your own data?

Answer 34

Azure Machine Learning

Question 35

While ______________ requires you to bring your own data and train models over that data, ____________ , for the most part, provides pretrained models so that you can bring in your live data to get predictions on.

Answer 35

Azure Machine Learning Azure Cognitive Services

Question 36

Name the 4 Azure Cognitive Services categories?

Answer 36

* **Language** services: Allow your apps to process natural language with prebuilt scripts, evaluate sentiment, and learn how to recognize what users want. * **Speech** services: Convert speech into text and text into natural-sounding speech. Translate from one language to another and enable speaker verification and recognition. * **Vision** services: Add recognition and identification capabilities when you're analyzing pictures, videos, and other visual content. * **Decision** services: Add personalized recommendations for each user that automatically improve each time they're used, moderate content to monitor and remove offensive or risky content, and detect abnormalities in your time series data.

Question 37

Which AI product would you use when you need to create a virtual agent to interact with humans by using natural language. This product integrates knowledge sources, natural language processing, and form factors to allow interaction across different channels.

Answer 37

Azure Bot Service

Question 38

What AI product would you use when you need a service that can understand the content and meaning of images, video, or audio, or that can translate text into a different language? This product is used when it comes to general purpose tasks, such as performing speech to text, integrating with search, or identifying the objects in an image.

Answer 38

Azure Cognitive Services

Question 39

The AI product ___________ is *general purpose*, meaning that many different kinds of customers can benefit from the work that Microsoft has already done to train and test these models and offer them inexpensively at scale.

Answer 39

Azure Cognitive Services

Question 40

What AI product would you use when you need to predict user behavior or provide users with personalized recommendations in your app?

Answer 40

Azure Cognitive Services Personalizer

Question 41

What AI product would you use when your app will need to predict future outcomes based on private historical data? You would choose this product when you need to analyze data to predict future outcomes.

Answer 41

Azure Machine Learning

Question 42

What AI product would you use when you need to analyze years' worth of financial transactions to discover new patterns that could help you create new products and services for your company's clients and then offer those new services during routine customer service calls?

Answer 42

Azure Machine Learning

Question 43

What AI product would you use when you need to build a model by using your own data or perform a different task than those listed above?

Answer 43

Azure Machine Learning

Question 44

What AI produce would you use for decision support systems?

Answer 44

Machine Learning

Question 45

What AI product would you choose for data analysis?

Answer 45

Cognitive Services

Question 46

Which AI product would you use for interactive chat experiences?

Answer 46

Azure Bot Service

Question 47

You need to predict future behavior based on previous actions. Which product option should you select as a candidate? * Azure Machine Learning * Azure Bot Service * Azure Cognitive Services

Answer 47

Azure Machine Learning **Azure Machine Learning enables you to build models to predict the likelihood of a future result. It should not be eliminated as a candidate.**

Question 48

You need to create a human-computer interface that uses natural language to answer customer questions. Which product option should you select as a candidate? * Azure Machine Learning * Azure Cognitive Services * Azure Bot Service

Answer 48

Azure Bot Service **Azure Bot Service creates virtual agent solutions that utilize natural language. It should not be eliminated as a candidate.**

Question 49

You need to identify the content of product images to automatically create alt tags for images formatted properly. Which product option is the best candidate? * Azure Machine Learning * Azure Cognitive Services * Azure Bot Service

Answer 49

Azure Cognitive Services **Azure Cognitive Services includes Vision services that can identify the content of an image. Azure Cognitive Services is the best candidate.**

Question 50

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a term used to describe an execution environment that's set up and managed for you. You merely specify what you want to happen by writing code or connecting and configuring components in a visual editor, and then specify the actions that trigger your functionality, such as a timer or an HTTP request. Best of all, you never have to worry about an outage, your code can scale instantly to meet demand, and you pay based only on the actual usage of your code.

Answer 50

*Serverless computing*

Question 51

* * * \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a cloud-hosted execution environment that runs your code but abstracts the underlying hosting environment.

Answer 51

serverless computing

Question 52

True of false: With serverless computing, the key idea is that you're not responsible for setting up or maintaining the server. You don't have to worry about scaling it when there's increased demand, and you don't have to worry about outages. The cloud vendor takes care of all maintenance and scaling concerns for you.

Answer 52

True

Question 53

With \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, you configure your apps to respond to events. An event could be a REST endpoint, a periodic timer, or even a message received from another Azure service. The app runs only when it's triggered by an event. Scaling and performance are handled automatically, and you're billed only for the resources you use. You don't even need to reserve resources.

Answer 53

serverless computing

Question 54

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is ordinarily used to handle *back-end* scenarios. In other words, it is responsible for sending messages from one system to another, or processing messages that were sent from other systems. It's not used for user-facing systems but, rather, it works in the background.

Answer 54

Serverless computing

Question 55

With the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, you can host a single method or function by using a popular programming language in the cloud that runs in response to an event. An example of an event might be an HTTP request, a new message on a queue, or a message on a timer.

Answer 55

[Azure Functions](https://azure.microsoft.com/services/functions/)

Question 56

Because of its atomic nature, _____________ can serve many purposes in an application's design. These can be written in many common programming languages, such as C#, Python, JavaScript, Typescript, Java, and PowerShell.

Answer 56

Azure Functions

Question 57

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ scales automatically, and charges accrue only when a function is triggered. These qualities make this a solid choice when demand is variable.

Answer 57

Azure Functions

Question 58

What product would be good to use when your app might be receiving messages from an IoT solution that monitors a fleet of delivery vehicles, which are likely to have more data arriving during business hours? This product can scale out to accommodate these busier times.

Answer 58

Azure Functions

Question 59

True or false: An Azure function is a stateless environment. A function behaves as if it's restarted every time it responds to an event. This feature is ideal for processing incoming data. And if state is required, the function can be connected to an Azure storage account.

Answer 59

True

Question 60

True or false: Azure Functions can perform orchestration tasks by using an extension called Durable Functions, which allow developers to chain functions together while maintaining state.

Answer 60

True

Question 61

The ______________ solution is ideal when you're concerned only with the code that's running your service and not the underlying platform or infrastructure.

Answer 61

Azure Functions

Question 62

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a low-code/no-code development platform hosted as a cloud service. The service helps you automate and orchestrate tasks, business processes, and workflows when you need to integrate apps, data, systems, and services across enterprises or organizations.

Answer 62

Azure [Logic Apps](https://azure.microsoft.com/services/logic-apps/)

Question 63

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ simplifies how you design and build scalable solutions, whether in the cloud, on-premises, or both. This solution covers app integration, data integration, system integration, enterprise application integration (EAI), and business-to-business (B2B) integration.

Answer 63

Azure Logic Apps

Question 64

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is designed in a web-based designer and can execute logic that's triggered by Azure services without writing any code. You build an app by linking triggers to actions with connectors. A trigger is an event (such as a timer) that causes an app to execute, then a new message to be sent to a queue, or an HTTP request.

Answer 64

Azure Logic Apps

Question 65

You can call Azure Functions from Azure Logic Apps, and vice versa. The primary difference between the two services is their intent. Azure Functions is a __________ compute service, and Azure Logic Apps is intended to be a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 65

serverless serverless orchestration service

Question 66

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ pricing is based on the number of executions and the running time of each execution.

Answer 66

Azure Functions

Question 67

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ pricing is based on the number of executions and the type of connectors that it utilizes.

Answer 67

Azure Logic Apps

Question 68

What serverless technology would you use when you need to perform an orchestration across well-known APIs?

Answer 68

Azure Logic Apps ## Footnote Azure Logic Apps was designed with orchestration in mind, from the web-based visual configurator to the pricing model. Logic Apps excels at connecting a large array of disparate services via their APIs to pass and process data through many steps in a workflow.

Question 69

What serverless technology would you use if you need to execute custom algorithms or perform specialized data parsing and data lookups?

Answer 69

With **Azure Functions**, you can use the full expressiveness of a programming language in a compact form. This lets you concisely build complex algorithms, or data lookup and parsing operations. You would be responsible for maintaining the code, handling exceptions resiliently, and so on.

Question 70

What serverless technology would you use if you have existing automated tasks written in an imperative programming language?

Answer 70

If you already have your orchestration or business logic expressed in C#, Java, Python, or another popular programming language, it might be easier to port your code into the body of an **Azure Functions**

Question 71

You need to process messages from a queue, parse them by using some existing imperative logic written in Java, and then send them to a third-party API. Which serverless option should you choose? * Azure Functions * Azure Logic Apps

Answer 71

Azure Functions **Azure Functions is the correct choice because you can use existing Java code with minimal modification.**

Question 72

You want to orchestrate a workflow by using APIs from several well-known services. Which is the best option for this scenario? * Azure Functions * Azure Logic Apps

Answer 72

Azure Logic Apps **Azure Logic Apps makes it easy to create a workflow across well-known services with less effort than writing code and manually orchestrating all the steps yourself.**

Question 73

Your team has limited experience with writing custom code, but it sees tremendous value in automating several important business processes. Which of the following options is your team's best option? * Azure Functions * Azure Logic Apps

Answer 73

Azure Logic Apps Azure Logic Apps is best suited for users who are more comfortable in a visual environment that allows them to automate their business processes. Logic Apps is the best option in this scenario.

Question 74

True or false: when considering servless technologies, the key concern is do you prefer a visual (declarative) workflow or writing (imperative) code?

Answer 74

True. Ultimately, your choice comes down to whether you prefer to work in a declarative environment or an imperative environment. Developers who have expertise in an imperative programming language might prefer to think about automation and orchestration from an imperative mindset. IT professionals and business analysts might prefer to work in a more visual low-code/no-code (declarative) environment.

Question 75

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ are development collaboration tools including pipelines, Kanban boards, & automated cloud-based load testing.

Answer 75

Azure DevOps

Question 76

\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a software development hosting with version control, source code management, and bug/task management.

Answer 76

GitHub

Question 77

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ automates software workflow to build, test, and deploy from within GitHub.

Answer 77

GitHub Actions for Azure

Question 78

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ allows you to quickly create environments in Azure while minimizing waste & controlling cost.

Answer 78

Azure DevTest Labs

Question 79

\_\_\_\_\_ is a decentralized source-code management tool while _______ is a hosted version that serves as the primary remote.

Answer 79

Git GitHub

Question 80

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ builds on top of Git to provide relates services for coordinating work, reporting and discussing issues, providing documentation, and more.

Answer 80

GitHub

Question 81

Name 5 Azure DevOps Services.

Answer 81

* **Azure Repos** is a centralized source-code repository where software development, DevOps engineering, and documentation professionals can publish their code for review and collaboration. * **Azure Boards** is an agile project management suite that includes Kanban boards, reporting, and tracking ideas and work from high-level epics to work items and issues. * **Azure Pipelines** is a CI/CD pipeline automation tool. * **Azure Artifacts** is a repository for hosting artifacts, such as compiled source code, which can be fed into testing or deployment pipeline steps. * **Azure Test Plans** is an automated test tool that can be used in a CI/CD pipeline to ensure quality before a software release.

Question 82

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a centralized source-code repository where software development, DevOps engineering, and documentation professionals can publish their code for review and collaboration.

Answer 82

**Azure Repos**

Question 83

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is an agile project management suite that includes Kanban boards, reporting, and tracking ideas and work from high-level epics to work items and issues.

Answer 83

Azure Boards

Question 84

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a CI/CD pipeline automation tool.

Answer 84

**Azure Pipelines**

Question 85

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a repository for hosting artifacts, such as compiled source code, which can be fed into testing or deployment pipeline steps.

Answer 85

**Azure Artifacts**

Question 86

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is an automated test tool that can be used in a CI/CD pipeline to ensure quality before a software release.

Answer 86

**Azure Test Plans**

Question 87

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ enables workflow automation with triggers for many lifecycle events. One such example would be automating a CI/CD *toolchain*.

Answer 87

GitHub Actions

Question 88

A ____________ is a combination of software tools that aid in the delivery, development, and management of software applications throughout a system's development lifecycle. Typical functions range from performing automated dependency updates to building and configuring the software, delivering the build artifacts to various locations, testing, and so on.

Answer 88

toolchain

Question 89

True or false: Although both Azure DevOps and GitHub allow public and private code repositories, Azure DevOps is a lighter-weight tool than GitHub, with a focus on individual developers contributing to the open-source code. GitHub, on the other hand, is more focused on enterprise development, with heavier project-management and planning tools, and finer-grained access control.

Answer 89

False ## Footnote Although both Azure DevOps and GitHub allow public and private code repositories, GitHub has a long history with public repositories and is trusted by tens of thousands of open-source project owners. GitHub is a lighter-weight tool than Azure DevOps, with a focus on individual developers contributing to the open-source code. Azure DevOps, on the other hand, is more focused on enterprise development, with heavier project-management and planning tools, and finer-grained access control.

Question 90

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ provides an automated means of managing the process of building, setting up, and tearing down virtual machines (VMs) that contain builds of your software projects. This way, developers and testers can perform tests across a variety of environments and builds. And this capability isn't limited to VMs. Anything you can deploy in Azure via an ARM template can be provisioned. Provisioning pre-created lab environments with their required configurations and tools already installed is a huge time saver for quality assurance professionals and developers.

Answer 90

Azure DevTest Labs

Question 91

True or false: Suppose you need to test a new feature on an old version of an operating system. Azure DevTest Labs can set up everything automatically upon request. After the testing is complete, DevTest Labs can shut down and deprovision the VM, which saves money when it's not in use.

Answer 91

True

Question 92

What is the best DevOps product to use if you need to automate and manage test-lab creation?

Answer 92

If your aim is to automate the creation and management of a test lab environment, consider choosing A**_zure DevTest Labs_**. Among the three tools and services we've described, it's the only one that offers this functionality.

Question 93

What is the best DevOps product to use if you are building open-source software?

Answer 93

Although Azure DevOps can publish public code repositories, **_GitHub_** has long been the preferred host for open-source software. If you're building open-source software, you would likely choose GitHub if for no other reasons than its visibility and general acceptance by the open-source development community.

Question 94

Regarding source-code management and DevOps tools, what differentiates which product to use when level of granularity is considered for permissions?

Answer 94

**_GitHub**_ works on a simple model of read/write permissions to every feature. Meanwhile, _**Azure DevOps_** has a much more granular set of permissions that allow organizations to refine who is able to perform most operations across the entire toolset.

Question 95

Regarding source-code management and DevOps tools, how does sophistication needs of your project management and reporting affect your choice?

Answer 95

Although GitHub has work items, issues, and a Kanban board, **_project management and reporting is the area where Azure DevOps excels. Azure DevOps is highly customizable**_, which allows an administrator to add custom fields to capture metadata and other information alongside each work item. By contrast, the _**GitHub_** Issues feature uses tags as its primary means of helping a team categorize issues.

Question 96

Regarding source-code management and DevOps tools, how does the need to tightly integrate with third-party tools affect your decision?

Answer 96

Although we make no specific recommendations about third-party tools, it's important for you to understand your organization's existing investments in tools and services and to evaluate how these dependencies might affect your choice. It's likely that most vendors that create DevOps tools create hooks or APIs that can be used by both Azure Pipelines and GitHub Actions. Even so, it's probably worth the effort to validate that assumption.

Question 97

Which of the following choices would not be used to automate a CI/CD process? * Azure Pipelines * GitHub Actions * Azure Boards

Answer 97

Azure Boards **Azure Boards is an agile project-management tool. It would not be used to automate a CI/CD process.**

Question 98

Which service could help you manage the VMs that your developers and testers need to ensure that your new app works across various operating systems? * Azure DevTest Labs * Azure Test Labs * Azure Repos

Answer 98

Azure DevTest Labs **Azure DevTest Labs is used to manage VMs for testing, including configuration, provisioning, and automatic de-provisioning.**

Question 99

Which service lacks features to assign individual developers tasks to work on? * Azure Boards * GitHub * Azure Pipelines

Answer 99

Azure Pipelines ## Footnote Azure Pipelines is a CI/CD tool for building an automated toolchain. It lacks features to assign tasks for individual developers to work on. However, it can automate other tools to assign tasks to users.

Question 100

True or false: visual tools might be the most useful when you're trying to set up a large deployment of resources with interdependencies and configuration options.

Answer 100

False. Visual tools might be less useful when you're trying to set up a large deployment of resources with interdependencies and configuration options.

Question 101

True or false: When you're attempting to quickly set up and configure Azure resources, a code-based tool is usually the better choice. Although it might take time to understand the right commands and parameters at first, after they've been entered, they can be saved into files and used repeatedly as needed.

Answer 101

True

Question 102

When you're attempting to quickly set up and configure Azure resources, a code-based tool is usually the better choice. Although it might take time to understand the right commands and parameters at first, after they've been entered, they can be saved into files and used repeatedly as needed. Also, the code that performs setup and configuration can be stored, versioned, and maintained along with application source code in a source code-management tool such as Git. This approach to managing hardware and cloud resources, which developers use when they write application code, is referred to as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 102

*infrastructure as code*

Question 103

There are two approaches to infrastructure as code are?

Answer 103

*imperative* code and *declarative* code.

Question 104

Regarding infrastructure as code, ____________ code details each individual step that should be performed to achieve a desired outcome. By contrast, ___________ code details only a desired outcome, and it allows an interpreter to decide how to best achieve that outcome.

Answer 104

imperative declarative

Question 105

True or false: Regarding infrastructure as code, tools that are based on declarative code can provide a more robust approach to deploying dozens or hundreds of resources simultaneously and reliably.

Answer 105

True

Question 106

By using \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, a web-based user interface, you can access virtually every feature of Azure. It provides a friendly, graphical UI to view all the services you're using, create new services, configure your services, and view reports. It is how most users first experience Azure. But, as your Azure usage grows, you'll likely choose a more repeatable code-centric approach to managing your Azure resources.

Answer 106

The Azure portal

Question 107

True or false: The Azure Mobile App will allow you to run the Azure CLI or Azure PowerShell commands to manage your Azure resources.

Answer 107

True

Question 108

True or false: While you can monitor the health and status of your Azure resources in the Azure Mobile App, you cannot restart a web app or virtual machine.

Answer 108

False. The Azure mobile app provides iOS and Android access to your Azure resources when you're away from your computer. With it, you can: * Monitor the health and status of your Azure resources. * Check for alerts, quickly diagnose and fix issues, and restart a web app or virtual machine (VM). * Run the Azure CLI or Azure PowerShell commands to manage your Azure resources.

Question 109

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ allows developers and DevOps and IT professionals to execute commands called cmdlets (pronounced *command-lets*). These commands call the Azure Rest API to perform every possible management task in Azure. Cmdlets can be executed independently or combined into a script file and executed together.

Answer 109

Azure PowerShell

Question 110

True or false: Azure PowerShell is only available for Windows.

Answer 110

False. Azure PowerShell is available for Windows, Linux, and Mac, and you can access it in a web browser via Azure Cloud Shell.

Question 111

The ____________ is an executable program with which a developer, DevOps professional, or IT professional can execute commands in Bash. The commands call the Azure Rest API to perform every possible management task in Azure. You can run the commands independently or combined into a script and executed together for the routine setup, teardown, and maintenance of a single resource or an entire environment.

Answer 111

Azure CLI (command-line interface)

Question 112

True or false: In many respects, the Azure CLI is almost identical to Azure PowerShell in what you can do with it. Both run on Windows, Linux, and Mac, and can be accessed in a web browser via Cloud Shell. The primary difference is the syntax you use.

Answer 112

True

Question 113

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ templates are JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) files that can be used to create and deploy Azure infrastructure without having to write programming commands.

Answer 113

Azure Resource Management

Question 114

True or false: By using Azure Resource Manager templates (ARM templates), you can describe the resources you want to use in a declarative JSON format. The benefit is that the entire ARM template is verified before any code is executed to ensure that the resources will be created and connected correctly. The template then orchestrates the creation of those resources in serial fashion.

Answer 114

False. The template then orchestrates the creation of those resources in parallel. That is, if you need 50 instances of the same resource, all 50 instances are created at the same time.

Question 115

With regards to managing & configuring the environment, what tools would you use if you needed to perform one-off management, administrative, or reporting actions?

Answer 115

**_Azure PowerShell**_ and the _**Azure CLI_** are Azure management tools that allow you to quickly obtain the IP address of a virtual machine (VM) you've deployed, reboot a VM, or scale an app. You might want to keep custom scripts for both tools handy on your local hard drive for certain operations that you need to perform multiple times.

Question 116

By contrast to the Azure CLI and PowerShell, _____________ define the infrastructure requirements in your application for repeatable deployments. Although not aimed at one-off scenarios, it's possible to use them for this purpose.

Answer 116

Azure Resource Manager templates (ARM templates)

Question 117

True or false: ARM templates can include both PowerShell and/or Azure CLI scripts, which will give you the ability to utilize scripts for tasks that may not be possible with the ARM template itself.

Answer 117

True

Question 118

With regards to managing and configuring the environment, what is(are) the best tool(s) to use when you need a way to repeatedly set up one or more resources and ensure that all the dependencies are created in the proper order?

Answer 118

**_ARM templates_** define your application's infrastructure requirements for a repeatable deployment that is done in a consistent manner. A validation step ensures that all resources can be created in the proper order based on dependencies, in parallel, and idempotent.

Question 119

True or false: it's entirely possible to use either PowerShell or the Azure CLI to set up all the resources for a deployment. However, there's no validation step in these tools. If a script encounters an error, the dependency resources can't be rolled back easily, deployments happen serially, and only some operations are idempotent.

Answer 119

True

Question 120

As an administrator, you need to retrieve the IP address from a particular VM by using Bash. Which of the following tools should you use? * ARM templates * Azure PowerShell * The Azure portal * The Azure CLI

Answer 120

The Azure CLI **The Azure CLI enables you to use Bash to run one-off tasks on Azure.**

Question 121

You're a developer who needs to set up your first VM to host a process that runs nightly. Which of the following tools is your best choice? * ARM templates * Azure PowerShell * The Azure portal * The Azure CLI

Answer 121

The Azure portal **The Azure portal is a great place for newcomers to learn about Azure and set up their first resources.**

Question 122

What is the best infrastructure-as-code option for quickly and reliably setting up your entire cloud infrastructure declaratively? * ARM templates * Azure PowerShell * The Azure portal * The Azure CLI

Answer 122

ARM templates **ARM templates are the best infrastructure-as-code option for quickly and reliably setting up your entire cloud infrastructure declaratively.**

Question 123

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ evaluates your Azure resources and makes recommendations to help improve reliability, security, and performance, achieve operational excellence, and reduce costs. It is designed to help you save time on cloud optimization. The recommendation service includes suggested actions you can take right away, postpone, or dismiss.

Answer 123

Azure Advisor

Question 124

When you're in the Azure portal, the Advisor dashboard displays personalized recommendations for all your subscriptions, and you can use filters to select recommendations for specific subscriptions, resource groups, or services. Name the five categories.

Answer 124

[Azure Advisor](https://azure.microsoft.com/services/advisor/)

Question 125

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a platform for collecting, analyzing, visualizing, and potentially taking action based on the metric and logging data from your entire Azure and on-premises environment.

Answer 125

[Azure Monitor](https://azure.microsoft.com/services/monitor/)

Question 126

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ maximizes the availability and performance of applications and services by collecting, analyzing, and acting on telemetry from cloud and on-premises environments.

Answer 126

Azure Monitor

Question 127

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a service for sending telemetry information from application source code to Azure that uses Azure Monitor under the hood. With this tool, your application developers can take advantage of the powerful data-analysis platform in Azure Monitor to gain deep insights into an application's operations and diagnose errors without having to wait for users to report them.

Answer 127

Azure Application Insights

Question 128

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ provides a personalized view of the health of the Azure services, regions, and resources you rely on. The status.azure.com website, which displays only major issues that broadly affect Azure customers, doesn't provide the full picture while this one displays both major and smaller, localized issues that affect you.

Answer 128

[Azure Service Health](https://azure.microsoft.com/features/service-health/)

Question 129

What tool would you use if you are wanting updates on outages, planned maintenance, or announcements that require you to act to avoid an outage?

Answer 129

[Azure Service Health](https://azure.microsoft.com/features/service-health/)

Question 130

What tool would you use if you need to analyze how you're using Azure to reduce costs, improve resilience, or harden your security?

Answer 130

# Choose **_Azure Advisor_** when you're looking for an analysis of your deployed resources. Azure Advisor analyzes the configuration and usage of your resources and provides suggestions on how to optimize for reliability, security, performance, costs, and operations based on experts' best practices.

Question 131

What tool would you use if you want to monitor Azure services or your usage of Azure?

Answer 131

If you want to keep tabs on Azure itself, especially the services and regions you depend on, you want to choose **_Azure Service Health_**. You can view the current status of the Azure services you rely on, upcoming planned outages, and services that will be sunset. You can set up alerts that help you stay on top of incidents and upcoming downtime without having to visit the dashboard regularly.

Question 132

What tool would you use if you want to keep track of the performance or issues related to your specific VM or container instances, databases, your applications, etc?

Answer 132

Azure Monitor

Question 133

What tool would you choose if you want to measure custom events alongside other usage metrics?

Answer 133

Choose **_Azure Monitor_** when you want to measure custom events alongside other collected telemetry data. Custom events, such as those added in the source code of your software applications, could help identify and diagnose why your application is behaving a certain way.

Question 134

What tool would you use if you need to set up alerts for outages or when autoscaling is about to deploy new instances?

Answer 134

You would use Azure Monitor to set up alerts for key events that are related to your specific resources.

Question 135

True or false: Azure Advisor analyzes and provides recommendations for achieving operational excellence.

Answer 135

True

Question 136

What tool would you use if your company wants to understand that it might be spending too much, is concerned about its security practices, and wants to have its cloud usage analyzed against industry best practices?

Answer 136

Azure Advisor

Question 137

True or false: Azure Health Monitor is the right product option to help Tailwind Traders better understand and optimize both its cloud spend and its cloud security posture.

Answer 137

False. Azure Advisor is the right product option to help Tailwind Traders better understand and optimize both its cloud spend and its cloud security posture.

Question 138

True or false: Azure Monitor is the best product to pinpoint a specific user session and look at the performance of each service that's involved in the issue.

Answer 138

True

Question 139

Software developers can send additional information about the state of the web application via __________ to help locate the root cause of the issue, which relies on the Azure Monitor platform to store custom event information.

Answer 139

Application Insights

Question 140

True or false: Azure Monitor is the best option for helping developers track intermittent issues with a website or database issue.

Answer 140

True

Question 141

What tool would your cloud operations team use to let stakeholders know about upcoming planned downtime in advance?

Answer 141

Azure Service Health

Question 142

What is the best product to use when: Outages do happen as the team wants to quickly ascertain whether the issue is specific to their services or a service interruption that affects many Azure customers They need to provide key stakeholders with reports that explain how and why the incident occurred, and so on.

Answer 142

Azure Service Health

Question 143

Which service provides official outage root cause analyses (RCAs) for Azure incidents? * Azure Advisor * Azure Monitor * Azure Service Health

Answer 143

Azure Service Health **Azure Service Health provides incident history and RCAs to share with your stakeholders.**

Question 144

You want to be alerted when new recommendations to improve your cloud environment are available. Which service will do this? * Azure Advisor * Azure Monitor * Azure Service Health

Answer 144

Azure Advisor **Azure Advisor can alert you when new recommendations are available.**

Question 145

Which service is a platform that powers Application Insights, monitoring for VMs, containers, and Kubernetes? * Azure Advisor * Azure Monitor * Azure Service Health

Answer 145

Azure Monitor **Azure Monitor is the platform used by Application Insights.**

Question 146

For example, assume that ContosoPharm message needs are approximately 5,000,000 per day. They would choose the S2 pricing tier and pay $250 US per month if they are running one IoT Hub unit in the North America geography. If the number of messages increases to 8,000,000 (either because of configuration changes or the addition of additional IoT devices), they would likely choose to scale to two IoT Hub units. Doing so would give them 12,000,000 messages per day at a cost of $500 US per month.

Question 147

Refer to the attached. Your company has deployed IOT Hub and had message needs are approximately 5,000,000 per day. You choose the S2 pricing tier. If the number of messages increases to 8,000,000 (either because of configuration changes or the addition of additional IoT devices), what would be the best option to save on costs?

Answer 147

You would likely choose to scale to two IoT Hub units. Doing so would give them 12,000,000 messages per day at a cost of $500 US per month.

Question 148

True or false: Azure Databricks works with third-party machine learning frameworks to allow you to build machine learning models.

Answer 148

True

Question 149

Azure Databricks is based on what Open Source Software?

Answer 149

Apache Spark.

Question 150

True or false: Azure Bot Service runs on Azure App Service so you are also charged for an App Service plan when you create a bot using Bot Service.

Answer 150

True

Question 151

With “serverless” processing, VMs are involved. It simply means your code is moved to the an unused physical server, it’s executed, and then it’s moved off.

Answer 151

False. It’s important to understand that “serverless” doesn’t mean that no VMs are involved. It sim- ply means that the VM that’s running your code isn’t explicitly allocated to you. Your code is moved to the VM, it’s executed, and then it’s moved off.

Question 152

If you want to protect your Function App from unauthorized use, where won’t you find authentication features to require authentication?

Answer 152

Azure App Service ## Footnote If you want to protect your Function App from unauthorized use, you should use authentication features available in App Service to require authentication. You can also use Microsoft API Management to add security requirements to your Function App.

Question 153

What are the three components in Logic Apps that make workflows possible?

Answer 153

connectors, triggers, and actions: ■ A connector is a component that connects your Logic App to something, such as another Azure service, a third-party service, an FTP server, and so forth. Each connector will have one or more triggers and actions specific to that connector. ■ A trigger is a specific action that will cause your Logic App workflow to run. ■ An action is what your Logic App will do as an output. It’s important to understand the difference between connectors and triggers.

Question 154

True or false: As you’re configuring triggers and actions in the Logic Apps designer, Logic Apps is writing code for you under the hood that will implement your workflow. Logic App workflows are defined using JSON files, and the designer generates this JSON code as you are configuring your app.

Answer 154

True

Question 155

You’ve ran a script in the Azure CLI, but it is failing. You investigate and discover that a prompt is being displayed that is preventing the execution. What should you have done to ensure it would run correctly?

Answer 155

Add the “--force” parameter Like PowerShell, most commands in the Azure CLI have a --force parameter that you can include so that no prompts are displayed. When scripting PowerShell or the CLI, you need to include this parameter, or your script won’t work. Watch out for examples in the AZ-900 exam that test for this kind of knowledge.

Question 156

True or false: Any files that you upload will be available to you in Cloud Shell on any of your devices. That’s because your files are stored in your Azure storage account. When you open Cloud Shell, Azure will pick a Cloud Shell instance for you to connect to and it will copy files from your storage account to that Cloud Shell instance.

Answer 156

True