Detection and Diagnosis of caries

Question 1

What are the 3 ways of diagnosing caries?

Answer 1

Visual - tactile
Transillumination
Radiographic

Question 2

What should be done before detecting caries?

Answer 2

Clean
Dry
Isolation using cotton rolls (if needed)
Well illuminated

Question 3

What are done under cleaning?

Answer 3

Oral prophylaxis
Remove everything supragingivally
Floss

Question 4

What are the 2 ways of viewing the teeth?

Answer 4

Direct and Indirect

Question 5

What surfaces can be seen through direct viewing of the teeth?

Answer 5

Facial surfaces of all upper and lower teeth

Mandibular posteriors

Question 6

What surfaces can be seen through indirect viewing of the teeth?

Answer 6

Lingual aspect of lower anteriors
Lingual aspect of all anterior teeth
Occlusal surfaces of upper posteriors
Posteriors of last molars

Question 7

This lesion appears chalky white, opaque areas

Answer 7

Initial enamel caries

Question 8

Describe severe enamel caries

Answer 8

Irregular surface that is rougher
Softened chalky white
Active caries

Question 9

Soft dentin is characterized by?

Answer 9

Presence of bacteria
Low mineral content
Irreversible denatured collagen
Lacks structure 
Easily excavated

Question 10

Transition from soft dentin to firm dentinFirm

Answer 10

Leathery texture

Can be excavated with hand instruments

Question 11

Firm dentin is characterized by

Answer 11

Demineralization of intertubular dentin
Initial formation of intratubular dentin
Remineralizable
Excavated by exerting pressure

Question 12

Hard dentin can be excavated with the use of?

Answer 12

Bur or a sharp cutting instrument

Question 13

What is the progression of root caries?

Answer 13

Initial
Shallow
Cavitated
Pulpal

Question 14

what is the appearance of initial root caries?

Answer 14

Stains on the cervical portion of the tooth
there is catch
no surface irregularity

Question 15

What is the appearance of shallow root caries?

Answer 15

there is a catch

surface irregularity

Question 16

Transillumination according to the medical dictionary

Answer 16

Shining of a bright light through a body part or an organ to check for any abnormalities

Question 17

Shining of a light diagnosis procedure is helpful in detecting what diseases?

Answer 17

Sinusitis

Question 18

What can be used in transillumination?

Answer 18

Pilot light or Operative light

Fiber optic light - Light cure

Question 19

What does FOTI stand for?

Answer 19

Fiber optic transillumination

Question 20

What is the rule in radiography?

Answer 20

If something is obvious clinically, Do NOT do radiographic examination anymore

Question 21

What is are the 2 types of radiographs usually used in dentistry?

Answer 21

Periapical and Bitewing

Question 22

Describe Periapical radiograph

Answer 22

At least 2 to 3 mm of periapical tissue
Shows either maxillary or mandibular
Central ray is focused on the apices

Question 23

Describe the bitewing

Answer 23

Takes an image of one side

Crowns and portions of the root are seen of both maxillary and mandibular

Question 24

What is the preferred radiograph in detecting caries?

Answer 24

Bitewing

Question 25

What is the concept of radiography?

Answer 25

Becomes sharper than the rest

Question 26

What are the radiographic classification of caries?

Answer 26

Interproximal Occlusal Buccal and Lingual Root Rampant Recurrent Radiation IOBR RRR

Question 27

Interproximal caries is usually found between the __________ and __________

Answer 27

Contact point and free gingival margin

Question 28

What is the difference between contact point and contact area?

Answer 28

Contact point - Anteriors | Contact areas - Posteriors

Question 29

What is cervical burnout?

Answer 29

Radiographic phenomenon that should be differentiated from interproximal caries It is found all through out the radiograph and is due to the invagination of the proximal root surfaces it is the darkening of the cervical portion of the tooth

Question 30

Describe Incipient, Moderate, Advanced and Severe interproximal caries

Answer 30

Incipient - Less than halfway through the enamel Moderate - More than halfway but not including the DEJ Advanced - Less than halfway through the dentin Severe - Extends through the enamel, dentin and more than half the distance to the pulp

Question 31

Occlusal caries can only be detected once _____________?

Answer 31

it reaches the DEJ

Question 32

This appears as a thin radiolucent line below the enamel

Answer 32

Moderate occlusal caries

Question 33

This caries is clinically cavitated

Answer 33

Severe occlusal caries

Question 34

Why are buccal and lingual caries better detected clinically?

Answer 34

Pulp is radiolucent and caries is also radiolucent so it will be dark on dark

Question 35

This appears as a cupped out or cratered out radiolucency found just below the CEJ

Answer 35

Root caries

Question 36

Recurrent caries is also known as

Answer 36

Secondary caries

Question 37

Why are radiographs used in Rampant caries?

Answer 37

To detect the extent of the injury and the tooth structures involved