Histopathology

Question 1

What are the specific lengths of the rods and where they are pointing towards?

Answer 1

8 micrometers towards the surface

4 micrometers towards the DEJ

Question 2

As we grow old, the enamel becomes more permeable. T or F

Answer 2

false

Question 3

These defects start from the outer portion of the enamel and up to the DEJ

Answer 3

Enamel lamellae

Question 4

Describe Enamel Tufts

Answer 4

Defects found along the DEJ

Question 5

Interrod substance is made up of?

Answer 5

Calcium hydroxyapatite and 0.5% organic substances

Question 6

What is the function of the interrod substance?

Answer 6

Keeps the rods together

Question 7

Dentin has the same mineralization as?

Answer 7

Bone

Question 8

Dentinal fluid flows ________ the enamel surface

Answer 8

Towards

Question 9

What are the surfaces in enamel?

Answer 9

Surface zone
body of the lesion
dark zone
translucent zone

Question 10

Why is the surface zone a relatively unaffected area?

Answer 10

Due to the constant remineralization

It has a greater resistance due to greater degree of mineralization and greater degree of fluoride concentration.

Question 11

The surface zone contains ______ calcium phosphate

Answer 11

Bulky, poorly defined

Question 12

What does reprecipitation mean?

Answer 12

There is a small degree of remineralization but it is not enough unless there is an intervention

Question 13

Body of the lesion is the area of greatest demineralization. How many percent?

Answer 13

20-50%

Question 14

This is also known as the positive zone

Answer 14

dark zone

Question 15

The dark zone is _________ % of demineralization

Answer 15

5%

Question 16

Translucent zone is always present. T or F

Answer 16

False

Question 17

How many percent of demineralization is Translucent zone?

Answer 17

1%

Question 18

What are the layers in dentinal caries?

Answer 18

Bacterial biofilm zone
Zone 3
Zone 2
Zone 1

Question 19

What is within the bacterial biofilm zone?

Answer 19

Conglomeration of bacteria

Question 20

Other names of Zone 3 ?

Answer 20

Soft dentin
Infected dentin
Outer carious dentin

Question 21

What occurs in Zone 3?

Answer 21

Low mineral content
Irreversible denatured content

Becomes necrotic and contaminated

Question 22

What are the other names of Zone 2?

Answer 22

Firm dentin
Affected dentin
Inner carious dentin

Question 23

What occurs in Zone 2?

Answer 23

Demineralization of Intertubular dentin

Initial formation of Intratubular fine crystals

Question 24

Other names of Zone 1?

Answer 24

Hard dentin
Sclerotic dentin
Tertiary dentin
Reparative dentin

Question 25

What are the differences between primary, secondary and tertiary dentin?

Answer 25

Primary - dentin produced during the development of the tooth Secondary - Dentin produced after the tooth has fully developed Tertiary - Dentin produced due to a noxious stimuli

Question 26

What are found within the dentinal tubules in sclerotic dentin?

Answer 26

Hydroxyapatite crystals and Whitlocklite crystals

Question 27

What initiates the sclerotic dentin?

Answer 27

When the pulp gets irritated

Question 28

What is sclerosis?

Answer 28

Increase in inorganic material in that area

Question 29

Until what layer can we excavate the dentinal caries?

Answer 29

Soft dentin or Outer carious dentin or Infected dentin or Zone 3

Question 30

What are the advance changes in dentin? (3)

Answer 30

Decalcification of walls Liquefaction foci Ovoid areas filled with necrotic debris

Question 31

This is the breakdown of dentinal tubules

Answer 31

Liquefaction foci

Question 32

What is formed during liquefaction foci?

Answer 32

Liquefactive foci.

Question 33

What are dead tracts?

Answer 33

Dead tracts are formed when the progression of caries is too fast that the dentin will not be able to launch it's protective mechanism through hydroxyapatite and whitlocklite crystals

Question 34

Reparative dentin is formed during __________ stimuli and are formed by _________ odontoblasts

Answer 34

Stronger stimuli and New

Question 35

Reactionary dentin is formed by ________ odontoblasts in response to ________ stimuli

Answer 35

Surviving and mild

Question 36

Is tertiary dentin and sclerotic dentin the same?

Answer 36

No. Sclerotic dentin is when the dentinal tubules get filled with hydroxyapatite and whitlocklite crystals while Tertiary dentin is when hydroxyapatite and whitlocklte crystals are deposited at the base.

Question 37

This is our body's defense mechanism

Answer 37

Inflammation