Development Flashcards
(63 cards)
What’s development?
A measure of a country’s wealth and its social and political progress
What’s GDP?
Gross domestic product - a measure of wealth. It’s the total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year
What’s poverty line?
The minimum income required to meet someone’s basic needs - $1.25 per person per day
What’s HDI?
Human development index - measures life expectancy, literacy rate, average length of schooling and GDP per capita
Define access to safe drinking water
The percentage of the population with access to a piped water supply within 1km
What’s literacy rate?
The percentage of the population aged over 15, who can read and write
What’s corruption perceptions index
A measure of how corrupt a government is
What are the 6 development indicators?
GDP, HDI, Literacy rate, Access to safe drinking water, Corruption perceptions index, Poverty line
How much of the world’s wealth does the top quintile and poorest fifth have?
Top = 82.8%
Bottom = 1%
What are the 7 demographic indicators?
Birth rate
Death rate
Dependancy ratio
Life expectancy
Infant mortality
Fertility rate
Maternal mortality
Define birth rate
The number of live births per 1000 people per year
Define death rate
The number of deaths per 1000 people per year
Define life expectancy
The average number of years a person is expected to live
Define maternal mortality
The number of mothers per 100,000 who die in childbirth
Define infant mortality
The number of children per 1000 who die before they are one
Define fertility rate
The average number of births per woman
Define dependancy ratio
The proportion of people below or above average working age (15 - 65)
How do you work out dependancy ratio?
(Number of dependants / Number of workers) x 100
What’s the Brandt line and when was it made?
In 1980 - it divides the world into 2 —> poorer and richer halves
What’s colonialism?
Taking control of another country and occupying it with settlers
What’s neo-colonialism?
The dominance of poor countries by rich countries by economic power and influence
What are 3 physical causes of global inequalities?
Location - landlocked
Topography (shape/height of land)
Climate - diseases, natural disasters
Describe what Franks dependancy theory shows
The core will always stay rich because they buy cheap low value products and the periphery poor as they buy expensive high value goods
Describe Rostow’s modernisation theory
The traditional society (agriculture)
Pre-conditions for take off (manufacturing & trade)
Take off (investment in infrastructure and technology)
Drive to maturity (new industries)
High mass consumption (wide range of goods)
