development

Question 1

Factors limiting development

Answer 1

-War > government spends money on equipment , protection, and the army. Houses are destroyed, services shut and fewer people work.

-Debt > money is spent on repaying debt instead of further developing the country. This means that things such as education and healthcare are not developed

-Poor trade links > If level and quality of trade are not high, then money will be lost that is spent on imports and not made from exports

-Education > poor education means that there will be less high paying job opportunities as they will not have education levels

Question 2

How can you measure develeopment?

Answer 2

-Literacy rate
-(infant) mortality rate
-Inequality
-Political factors (war)
-Life expectancy
-GDP
-GNI
HDI
-Doctors per 100,000
-PQLI
-Employment sectors

Question 3

How does the DTM work?

Answer 3

STANGE 1
-Haiti
-Birth rate is high because of lack of education
-Death rate is high because of disease, famine and war

STAGE 2
-Tanzania
-Birth rate is high because of lack of education
-Death rate decreases (healthcare)

STAGE 3
-Brazil
-Birth rate begins to decrease
-Death rate begins to decrease slowly

STAGE 4
-UK
-Low birth rates due to education and contraception
-Death rate is low

STAGE 5
-Norway
-Birth rate falls below death rate
-Death rate increases slightly due to aging population

Question 4

Top down strategies

Answer 4

Government lead strategies
-Building of HS2

Question 5

Bottom up strategies

Answer 5

Community based strategies
-Play pumps

Question 6

Intermediate technologies

Answer 6

-Sustainable technology that is appropriate for people
-Small scale projects often associated with agriculture, water, and health

-Can only be done on a small scale and may be expensive

Question 7

Economic investment and industrial development

Answer 7

-The development of infrastructure, the construction of dams to provide electricity, improvements to harbours and ports, the development of new industries
-Brings employment, higher incomes and opportunities to invest in housing, education, and infrastructure

-LICs may be exploited for resources

Question 8

Debt relief

Answer 8

-Helps poor countries invest money into development projects like industry, resources, or infrastructure

-Countries may get into more debts expecting it to be written off
-Corrupt governments may keep money

Question 9

Microfinance

Answer 9

-Loans enable individuals or families to start up small businesses

-Loans may be expensive to repay, causing debt

Question 10

Fair trade

Answer 10

-Farmers get all the money from their sales
-Part of the price is invested into local communities
-The product gains a stronger position in the global market