development and the development gap

Question 1

how useful is birth rate

Answer 1

as a country develops, women become more educated and want a career so they marry later and have fewer kids

Question 2

how useful is death rate

Answer 2

more developed countries tend to have an older population with a high death rate

Question 3

how useful is infant mortality

Answer 3

this is a useful measure of a country’s health care system ( as well as life expectancy and number of people per doctor)

Question 4

how useful is literacy rate

Answer 4

a high literacy rate means a good education system

Question 5

what is the limitations of economic and social measures

Answer 5

a single measure of development can give a false picture, as it gives an average for the while country

Question 6

what are 2 other factors that limit the usefulness of development measures

Answer 6

• data could be out of date, unreliable or hard to collect
• data may not take into account subsistence or informal economies

Question 7

what does the demographic transition model show

Answer 7

it shows changes over time in the population of a country

Question 8

what’s in stage 1

Answer 8

• high birth rate
• high death rate
• both fluctuate because of disease, famine and war
• population fairly stable

Question 9

what’s in stage 2

Answer 9

• death rate decreases
• birth rate remains high
• population grows

Question 10

what’s in stage 3

Answer 10

• birth rate drops rapidly
  -death rate continues to decrease but more slowly
• population still grows but more slowly
  E.G- Nigeria

Question 11

what’s in stage 4

Answer 11

• low birth rate
• low death rate
• birth rate can fluctuate depending in the economic situation
  E.G- USA

Question 12

what’s in stage 5

Answer 12

• birth rate falls below death rate
• death rate increases slightly because of aging population
• population decreases
  E.G- Japan

Question 13

why do landlocked countries suffer from uneven development

Answer 13

this is because they are cut off from seaborne trade, which is important for economic growth

Question 14

what affects the ability for a population to stay healthy

Answer 14

climate related disease and pests

Question 15

what can slow down development and what can it be

Answer 15

extreme weather such as tropical storms can slow down development and can be costly to repair damaged infrastructure

Question 16

what can affect farming and the health of workers

Answer 16

lack of adequate supplies of clean water

Question 17

what do rich countries do for trade

Answer 17

they normally want to pay as little as possible for raw materials- many come from LICs

Question 18

what keeps prices low

Answer 18

supply of raw materials often outstrips demand

Question 19

why does processing cause uneven development

Answer 19

this is because processing normally take place in richer countries. this means rich countries get richer and the development of the poorer countries may be slowed

Question 20

why is there uneven development because of colonialism

Answer 20

this is because almost all the wealth produced during the colonial period went to the European powers

Question 21

how is china helping Africa but also what is a problem

Answer 21

• an estimated 10,000 Chinese companies are now in Africa. many are involved in massive infrastructure projects including railways
• there are many benefits but some think that it is exploiting resources in order to benefit chinas own economy

Question 22

how can investment reduce the development gap

Answer 22

many countries and TNCs invest money in LICs which support the development by providing employment and income

Question 23

how can industrial development reduce the development gap

Answer 23

it can bring employment, higher incomes and opportunities to invest housing

Question 24

since when has Malaysia seen growth win its wealth

Answer 24

since the 1970s

Question 25

what has it made use of and to do what

Answer 25

it has made use of foreign investment to exploit its natural

Question 26

today Malaysia is what

Answer 26

it has a highly developed mixed economy

Question 27

what has tourism led to

Answer 27

it has led to investment and increased income from abroad

Question 28

what has the income from tourism investment led to

Answer 28

this has led to better education, infrastructure and housing

Question 29

tourism can lead to a lot of income but

Answer 29

it is vulnerable in times of economic recession

Question 30

what can aid be given in

Answer 30

-money -emergency supplies -food or technology -specialist skills

Question 31

hoe can aid reduce the development gap

Answer 31

-enabling countries to invest in development projects such as roads -focusing on health care, education and services at a local scale

Question 32

what is international aid

Answer 32

this is when money, goods or services are given by governments or organizations to help the quality of life

Question 33

in what year did the uk give how much to Pakistan and what did they use it on

Answer 33

it was in 2019 and the uk gave them 305 million pounds and they used it on education and to reduce hunger and poverty

Question 34

what are tariffs

Answer 34

they are paid on imports, making imported goods more expensive and locally produced goods more attractive

Question 35

what is free trade

Answer 35

this is when a country doesn't charge tariffs and have quotas

Question 36

what are the advantages of poor countries joining a trading group

Answer 36

- it encourages free trade between members - members are able to get higher prices for their goods

Question 37

how can debt relief reduce the development gap

Answer 37

- it has helped poor countries invest in development projects such as infrastructure - countries have used the money saved to provide services such as free education

Question 38

how has economy from tourism contributed to Jamaicas development

Answer 38

- in 2019, tourism contributed 35% to Jamaicas GDP - income from tourism is $2 billion each year and taxes contribute further

Question 39

how has tourism helped and not helped infrastructure helped Jamaica

Answer 39

- tourism has led to high levels of investment on the north coast - improvements in roads and airports have been slower then other facilities - some parts of the island still remain isolated

Question 40

how has tourism helped Burt also not helped the quality of life in Jamaica

Answer 40

- in the Northern tourist areas, wealthy Jamaicans have a high standard if living - large numbers of people living nearby have poor housing and don't have access to fresh water, health care and education

Question 41

how has tourism helped and not helped the environment in Jamaica

Answer 41

- conservation and landscaping projects provide jobs - community tourism and sustainable ecotourism is expanding in more isolated regions - has tourism can create environmental problems such as footpath erosion and harmful emissions