Development Dynamics Flashcards
Different ways of defining and measuring development
Measured with HDI —> Life expectancy, measure health of the country Education length Literacy rates GDP
Extent of development gap
North and south split—>
- North wealthy and South poor (exception Australia)
- landlocked poorer due to no ports of trading
- majority of Africa low developing
Causes and consequences of global inequalities
Landlocked, can’t trade very well, harder for aid to get in (no ports)
Natural disasters, primary jobs, low pay
Inequality,
How countries at different development levels have different demographic data
- Migration for work, usually between 20-30, wider middle
* low birth rates narrow base eg. India more women working, having children later, low birth rates
Rostow’s 5 stage theory
Stage 1. Traditional Society;agriculture-subsistence economy
Stage 2. Pre-Conditions For Take Of; farming to manufacturing-increase money by investing into industries, produce cash crops to sell
Stage 3. Take Off; fast growth,manufacturing selling overseas
Stage 4. Drive To Maturity; full of technology producing consumer goods (phones,cars)
Stage 5. Age Of High Mass Consumption; spoilt for choice and where to spend money (schools,hospitals)
Frank’s theory
*periphery(P) >developing nations >export raw materials,low value >depend on core for market *core(C) >developed nations >process materials to make high value goods
*together
>low level development in poorer countries (p)—>control of world economy from rich(C)
What’s the dependancy theory
*(unequal development) Rich intervene poor countries politics Unbalanced trade, sell cheap but buy expensive Selling non essential products Poor counties getting into debt
Who did a better theory
Kastow because…
Each stage can be assigned to a country.
High mass consumption~Australia (lots of doctors&money)
Whereas as Frank has no evidence of theory and isn’t as specific
Bottom up project
Experts work with communities to identify real needs by giving local people a say in improving lives.
Eg. Biogas in India
Top down projects
Development ideas made by government/large private companies-immposed
Eg.green revolution
Processes contributing to globalisation
Why some counties benefit and some don’t
Uk benefits more than landlocked countries due to…
> trade is easier through exporting /importing goods
>uk has better links around the world
Advantages of different approaches to development
Economic:
Outsourcing, improving NIC’s, improving transport links
Social:
Building new flats and making job opportunities
Disadvantages of different approaches to development
~
How India’s location helps it develop
*globalisation and ports
trading is a massive role of development—> massive well known ports on west side.
Centralised many neighbouring countries to trade with
How has globalisation caused rapid economic growth in India
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