Development Of Gut (2)

Question 1

What is the name of the membrane that seals the gut tube at the mouth end?

Answer 1

Buccopharyngeal membrane

Question 2

What is the name of the membrane that seals the gut tube at the tail end/near the future anus?

Answer 2

Cloacal membrane

Question 3

What week of development does the buccopharyngeal membrane rupture to form the mouth?

Answer 3

4th week of development

Question 4

What week of development does the cloacal membrane rupture to form the anus?

Answer 4

7th week

Question 5

What is the structure that connects the midgut and the yolk sac?

Answer 5

Vitelline duct

Question 6

What branch of the aorta supplies the foregut?

Answer 6

Coeliac artery

Question 7

What branch of the aorta supplies the midgut?

Answer 7

Superior mesenteric artery

Question 8

What branch of the aorta supplies the hindgut?

Answer 8

Inferior mesenteric artery

Question 9

What organs/structures does the foregut give rise to?

Answer 9

Oesophagus
Stomach
Pancreas
Liver
Bile duct
Gallbladder
Spleen
Part of duodenum
2nd part of lower resp tract

Question 10

What organs/structures does the midgut give rise to?

Answer 10

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Caecum
Appendix
Ascending colon
2/3 transverse colon

Question 11

What organs/structures does the hindgut give rise to?

Answer 11

Distal 1/3 transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
Upper anal canal
Cloaca

Question 12

What does the cloaca separate into?

Answer 12

The Urogenital sinus

Question 13

What part of the gut does the lung bud form from and when does it form?

Answer 13

Anteriorly from foregut

Forms at 4th week of development

Question 14

What cleaves off the lung bud from the foregut?

Answer 14

Tracheoesophageal septum

Question 15

What is the lung bud called once its been cleaved off by the tracheoesophageal septum?

Answer 15

Respiratory bud

Question 16

What can happen if the lung bud doesnt get cleaved by the tracheoesophageal septum properly?

Answer 16

Blind-end oesophagus

Tracheoesophageal fistula

Question 17

What happens at the 5th week to the endoderm forming the gut tube?

What then happens at the 9th week?

Answer 17

Rapidly proliferates which occludes the lumen

Then recanalisation occurs reopening the lumen

Question 18

What happens t the stomach during development?

Answer 18

Dilation on dorsal aspect then rotates
The foregut then rotates the 90 degrees forming the shape of the stomach

Question 19

What mesentrys does the foregut have?

Answer 19

Ventral mesentry + Dorsal mesentry

Question 20

What mesentries does the midgut and hindgut have, how is this different to the foregut?

Answer 20

Dorsal mesentry

Foregut has both ventral and dorsal mesentry where’s the mid and hindgut only have a dorsal mesentry

Question 21

What mesentry does the liver develop in?

Answer 21

Ventral mesentry of foregut

Question 22

What mesentry does the spleen develop in?

Answer 22

Dorsal mesentry of foregut

Question 23

What double layer of peritoneum forms the mesentries?

Answer 23

Visceral peritoneum

Question 24

When does parietal peritoneum become visceral peritoneum?

Answer 24

When parietal peritoneum comes away from abdominal wall

Question 25

Which peritoneal membrane can you localise pain too and which one has vague pain?

Answer 25

Localise pain = somatic mesoderm Vague pain = splanchnic mesoderm,

Question 26

What are the 2 major peritoneal cavities formed by the rotataion of the foregut/folding and displacement of peritoneal layers?

Answer 26

Greater sac Lesser sac

Question 27

What is the greater sac?

Answer 27

Th larger sac of the peritoneal cavity occupying the most space

Question 28

Where is the lesser sac? How does it connect to the greater sac?

Answer 28

Cavity behind stomach Foramen of Winslow

Question 29

How do the left and right vagal nerve fibres move as the gut tube rotates 90 degrees clockwise?

Answer 29

Right vagal fibres become the posterior vagal trunk Left vagal fibres become the anterior vagal trunk

Question 30

What is the falciform ligament? Where does it originate from?

Answer 30

Peritoneal ligament from anterior wall of abdomen to the liver Originates from ventral mesentry of the foregut

Question 31

What is the lesser omentum peritoneal ligament?

Answer 31

Joins the liver to the stomach

Question 32

What is the gastrosplenic ligament?

Answer 32

Connects stomach to spleen

Question 33

What is the Spleno-renal ligament?

Answer 33

Connection between spleen and posterior abdominal wall And Hilum of spleen with the LEFT kidney