Development of the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s Flashcards
(37 cards)
Where was Linda Brown living
Topeka, Kansas
Why could Linda not attend the good school near her home
She had to walk over twenty blocks to get to her African American school
Was Brown’s African American school equal to the white school and why was this
No
It was far worse off
Topeka board of education spent more money in the white school
What did Chief Justice Earl Warren announce to the court room on 19th May 1954
The constitution was ‘colour blind’
What did the constitution was ‘colour blind’ mean
That there should be equality between African American and whites no matter what colour you were born
What did Linda’s father do about it
He took the Board of Education to court
Did Linda’s father with the court case
No
Who helped Linda’s father appeal against the decision
The NAACP
What did Thurgood Marshall (lawyer arguing for the Brown family) argue in the Supreme Court
African American and whites no education should be equal and intergrated
What did the Supreme Court do about segregated schools
The following year they ordered all states with segregated education to integrate their public state schools
Positives about the Brown case
Schools integrated
1957- 300,000 African Americans attending integrated schools
Negatives about the Brown case
1957- 2.4 million still in Jim Crow schools
Schools became private to avoid integration
Took a long time to integrate schools- no real date to do it by
President Eisenhower didn’t get involved- didn’t want back lash from whites who wouldn’t vote for him again
Where did LR9 happen
Arkansas
When would Central High School take its first African American students
3rd September 1957
What did the Governor of Arkansas announce on television the evening before the start of term
It would be impossible to keep law and order if these 9 African American students tried to enter the school
What was the Governor of Arkansas called
Orville Faubus
On the 3rd of September how did others react to the 9 children trying to get to school
A hostile crowd gathered, swearing, shouting and spitting
What was the name of the African American girl who travelled to school by herself
Elizabeth Eckford
What did Orville Faunus do on 3rd September
Sent state troopers to stop the 9 from getting into the school claiming it was to prevent racial conflict
The 9 were forced to go home
What did President Eisenhower do 3 weeks after the first day of school
Sent 10,000 troops and 1,000 paratroopers to make sure the 9 could attend school
Why did the president get involved with the troops
There was a lot of negative publicity about the 9 not being able to get into the school
Negative effect on education of LR9
Governor Faubus closed all the schools in Little Rock in 1958 as he was against integration
They reopened in 1960
Positive effects on education of LR9 x5
President Eisenhower involved in a significant way
Publicity about events increasing people’s awareness of issue of segregation
LR was the first visible test case of whether the LB case was going to succeed
Us racism revealed
1957 congress passed the Civil Rights Act- creating a commission to prosecute any who denied citizens their rights
% of African Americans used buses
75%
