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Embroylogy > Development of the Vasculature > Flashcards

Development of the Vasculature Flashcards

1
Q

what is vasculogenesis?

A

blood vessels forming directly from mesoderm.

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2
Q

where and when to the formation of blood cells occur?

A

Begins in the yolk sac, week 3

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3
Q

Hemangioblasts differentiate into what 2 cell types?

A
  • Haematopoietic stem cells

- Endothelial Precursor cells

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4
Q

what is angiogenesis?

A

more common type of blood vessel formation.

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5
Q

what is haematopoiesis?

A

blood cell production

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6
Q

when does blood cell production in liver occur?

A

4 weeks

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7
Q

when does blood cell production in bone marrow occur?

A

10.5 weeks

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8
Q

what aortic arch is absent in human but present in fish?

A

5

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9
Q

pharyngeal arch 1 and 2

A
  • mostly obliterated

- gives maxillary artery and stapedial artery

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10
Q

pharyngeal arch 3

A

gives common carotid aa. and 1st parts of Internal carotid aa.

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11
Q

pharyngeal arch 6

A
  • gives branches that form pulmonary arteries and ductus arteriosis
  • pulmonary system
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12
Q

pharyngeal arch 4

A
  • gives right subclavian artery and part of aortic arch

- not symmetrical on left and right

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13
Q

5th pharyngeal arch

A

rudimentary or not present

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14
Q

arches arise form what?

A

from the aortic sac, the most distal part of the truncus arteriosus

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15
Q

what happens to the right dorsal aorta?

A

it degenerates

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16
Q

The external carotid arteries come from where?

A

sprout from the common carotid aa.

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17
Q

what is embryonic vasculature?

A

venous system more complicated than arterial.

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18
Q

Name the arteries

A
  • internal carotid
  • aortic arches
  • dorsal aorta
  • umbilical artery
  • vitelline artery - go to yolk sac
19
Q

Name the veins

A
  • Anterior cardinal vein
  • common cardinal vein
  • posterior cardinal vein
  • umbilical vein
  • viltelline vein
20
Q

what arteries come off the dorsal aorta?

A

vitelline arteries and umbilical cord

21
Q

the vitelline arteries supply what?

A

gut

22
Q

pharyngeal pouches become what?

A

glands and canals

23
Q

what are the intersegmental arteries to the body wall?

A
  • thoracic region= intercostal aa.
  • lumbar region= lumbar aa.
  • sacral region= lateral sacral aa.
24
Q

what is within the cervical region?

A

7 cervical intersegmental arteries anastomose longitudinally. No. 7 becomes left subclavian.

25
Q

vertebral artery goes to supply what?

A

brain structures

26
Q

Describe the vitelline and umbilical veins.

A

As the liver grows it surrounds vitelline veins and they grow inside hepatic sinusoids form and newly formed blood cells enter walls.

27
Q

what happens I the second month of developments with the vitelline and umbilical veins?

A

connection between sinus venosus and umbilical veins is lost.

28
Q

what is the ductus venosus?

A

shortcut for blood from placenta

29
Q

what do the anterior cardinal drain?

A

head and neck

30
Q

what are the anterior cardinal veins?

A

jugular veins, L. brachiocephalic, SVC and left superior intercostal

31
Q

what do the posterior cardinal drain?

A

drain trunk

32
Q

what does the supra cardinal vv. drain?

A

azygous and Hemiazygous

33
Q

what does the sub cardinal vv. drain?

A

Gonadal and renal vv. Part of IVC

34
Q

what does the Sacrocardinal vv. drain?

A

Part of IVC, Iliac vv.

35
Q

what side receives more blood during development?

A

right side of SV receives most of returning blood so gets bigger.

36
Q

What happens during the development of sinus venosus.

A

Left side looses umbilical and vitelline veins. Right vitelline. Right side eventually looses umbilical vein which causes right vitelline vein to enlarge and drain blood from gut.

37
Q

What is the sinus venarum?

A

The right sinus horn is incorporated into right atrium and forms smoothed wall of right atrium

38
Q

what makes up the remnants of the left sinus horn?

A

Oblique vein of left atrium and coronary sinus

39
Q

Pulmonary veins form what?

A

form smooth wall part of left atrium

40
Q

Foramen secundum forms where?

A

forms in septum primum

41
Q

Foramen ovalae forms where?

A

forms in septum secundum

42
Q

The Vitelline veins give rise to what?

A
  • portal venous system draining gut
  • Heptaic sinusoids and veins
  • Hepatic portion of IVC
43
Q

The Umbilical veins give rise to what?

A
  • Distal part of L. umbilical v. -> definitive umbilical v. and ductus venosus
  • Umbilical v. -> Ligamentum Teres
  • Ductus venosus -> Ligamentum Venosum

Embroylogy (12 decks)

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