Developmental Disorders 1 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Prenatal
conception until birth
Perinatal
during the birth process
Postnatal
after birth
Gestational age
37-42 weeks Full Term
Pre-term
below 37 wks
below 28 wks- high risk
28-32 wks- moderately high risk
32-36 wks- not high risk
Post-term
above 42 wks
Adjusted age
“correct” for prematurity up to one yr of age
6 month old born at 28 wks should have skills of 3 month old
APGAR scale
scale developed for newborns @ 1 min & 5 min after birth
assessment of the infant and how their responsiveness immediately after birth
best out of 10
8/9/10 do not require further care
5/6/7 require stimuli or 02
LBW
low birth weight below 2500g (5.5 lb)
VLBW
very low birth weight
below 1500 g (3.3lb)
ELBW
extremely low birth wt
below 1000 g(2.2lb)
Normal birth wt
2500-4100g (5.5-9lb)
Birth size
SGA-small for gestational age
below 10th percentile
LGA-large for gestational age
above 90th percentile
Meconium staining
substance in large intestines of fetus/newborn
aspiration of meconium can cause significant damage to CV & brain (b/c hypoxia/anoxia)
LGA and prolonged delivery–>cause meconium to be eliminated in utero
Anencephaly
cephalic end of neural tube fails to close–>absence of forebrain, cerebrum, skull & scalp
can have respiratory function b/c SC & brainstem intact
Microcephaly
- small head circumference for age & gender
- face develops @ normal rate but head fails to grow
Microcephaly prognosis
- por prognosis for normal brain function
- motor abilities range from clumsiness to spastic quadriplegia
- dec life expectancy
Porencephaly
- cyst like cavities in cerebral hemisphere
- results from destructive lesions or abnormal development
Clinical presentation of porencephaly
hemiplegic, delayed development, seizures, hydrocephalus, MR
Lissencephaly
“smooth brain”
- lack of normal convolutions (gyri/sulci)
- caused by defective neuronal migration during development
Clinical presentation of Lissencephaly
FTT, seizures, severe motor retardation, difficulty swallowing, anomalies of hand, fingers, toes
Prognosis for Lissencephaly
many dies before age 2, range of near normal dev & cognition to no dev after 3-5 months
Incidence
of new cases in a given time frame
Prevelance
of individuals who currently have the disease (in country,area,state)