DI Quiz 3...

Question 1

Name the view

Answer 1

DMPLO

Dorsal Lateral

Medial palmar

you go outside then inside letters

Question 2

When obtaining images of the equine distal limb, what 3 things should we do?

Answer 2

remove shoes

clean lateral sulci

pack with moldable material (play dough)

Question 3

The lateral trochlear ridge can be identified by the….

Answer 3

large notch at its distal aspect

Question 4

What bone is this?

Answer 4

tibia

Question 5

Label A, B and C

Answer 5

Question 6

_______ of the tarsocrural joint is common and often bilateral

Answer 6

osteochondrosis (OCD)

Question 7

The cranial aspect of the intermediate ridge of the distal tibia is best seen in what view?

Answer 7

DMPLO

(intermediate ridge of the distal tibia aka DIRT- most commonly affected by OCD)

Question 8

Where are OCD fragments often found?

Answer 8

settled into the bottom of the joint

Question 9

What is the most common cause of lameness associated with the tarsus?

Answer 9

Bone Spavin aka Degenerative joint disease

Question 10

What abnormality is seen in this image?

Answer 10

Degenerative Joint Disease

aka bone spavin

Question 11

What is the arrow pointing to?

Answer 11

acessory carpal bone

distal radius forms from 2 ossification centers- distal radial and ulnar epiphysis (closes at 9 months)

the accessory carpal bone may have 2 ossification centers (closes 5-7 months)

Question 12

Flexed views are very important for LA bc they separate the bones further.

Label A and B

Answer 12

A. Intermediate Carpal Bone (more proximal)

B. Radial Carpal Bone (more distal)

Question 13

What abnormality?

Answer 13

Radial Carpal Bone Chip Fracture

Question 14

Where is the navicular bone?

Answer 14

Question 15

_____ is the modality of choice for the evaluation of the prostate

Answer 15

Ultrasound

Question 16

Where is the prostate?

Answer 16

make sure its a male

triangle of fat b/t bladder and prostate

these are enlarged, shouldn’t normally be seen

Question 17

Where is the prostate? Is it normal or abnormal?

Answer 17

NORMAL

Question 18

Most common cause of prostatomegaly?

Answer 18

Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

Question 19

Describe the appearance of paraprostatic cysts

Answer 19

usually pedunculated, well marginated and often appear cranial to the urinary bladder

Question 20

Common metastasis of urogenital cancer?

Answer 20

spondylitis of L5-L7

Question 21

Dog pregnancy: the earliest detectable radiographic mineralization is at ____

Answer 21

42 days

Question 22

Cat pregnancy: the earliest radiographic mineralization is detected at ____

Answer 22

35 days

Question 23

Locate the uterus

Answer 23

Question 24

Ultrasound can detect fetal heart beat at ____

Answer 24

23-25 days

(HR b/t 1.5-2X mothers HR)

Question 25

Ultrasound can detect fetal mineralization at \_\_\_

Answer 25

**33-39 days** **earlier than x ray!!!**

Question 26

What is spalding sign?

Answer 26

Overlap and compression of the bones esp those of the skull is suggestive of **fetal death** earliest to detect using US

Question 27

Interpret the gastric axis

Answer 27

cranial displacement

Question 28

Interpret the gastric

Answer 28

caudal displacement

Question 29

What is abnormal?

Answer 29

hepatomegaly

Question 30

What is abnormal?

Answer 30

hepatomegaly

Question 31

BIG liver: consider endocrine disorders

Answer 31

diabetes mellitus resulting in hepatic lipidosis hyperadrenocorticism

Question 32

Margins of the BIG liver: differential diagnoses

Answer 32

hepatic congestion acute hepatitis diffuse infiltrative diseases (lymphoma)

Question 33

PSS- can be congenital or aquired

Answer 33

Extrahepatic (small breeds/cats) or intrahepatic (large breed) intrahepatic more common on the left side, corresponds to patent ductus venosus (PDV)

Question 34

Gall bladder: normal or abnormal?

Answer 34

abnormal wall thickened

Question 35

Spleen anatomy

Answer 35

Question 36

Most likely source of a mass in the midventral abdomen?

Answer 36

spleen in dogs

Question 37

Abnormal splenic US

Answer 37

ultrasound changes are non-specific except for torsion

Question 38

Splenic torsion

Answer 38

C shape on lateral rad fundus displaced caudally and medially **_Gas bubbles may indicate anaerobic bacteria_**

Question 39

Normal spleen?

Answer 39

splenic torsion lacy pattern, very large, spleen twists and occludes venous return

Question 40

What are the arrows pointing to?

Answer 40

Question 41

What is the arrow pointing to?

Answer 41

emphysematous splenic torsion gas bubbles may indicate ANAEROBIC BACTERIA

Question 42

Answer 42

Question 43

Answer 43

Question 44

Retroperitoneal space contains what organs?

Answer 44

_kidneys, adrenal glands, major blood vessels and lymph nodes_

Question 45

Loss of serosal detail? Peritoneal effusion?

Answer 45

both detected mild!

Question 46

Loss of serosal detail? Peritoneal effusion?

Answer 46

both detected moderate!

Question 47

Loss of serosal detail? Peritoneal effusion?

Answer 47

both detected pronounced

Question 48

Pneumomediastinum: detected or not detected?

Answer 48

DETECTED normally cant see all these structures

Question 49

Retroperitoneal gas detected?

Answer 49

detected

Question 50

Can pneumothorax cause pneumomediastinum?

Answer 50

no

Question 51

Can pneumomediastinum cause pneumothorax?

Answer 51

yes

Question 52

What view is better to view the kidneys?

Answer 52

Right lateral- separates them more

Question 53

Whats the difference b/t the kidneys?

Answer 53

pyelonephritis vs normal

Question 54

What abnormality is seen?

Answer 54

Question 55

What abnormality?

Answer 55

Question 56

Air bubbles on a contrast cystography

Answer 56

* are located at the **periphery** of the contrast pool * create a "honeycomb" appearance when multiple air bubbles aggregate * air bubbles can be misdiagnosed as * **air bubbles can be misdiagnosed as cystic calculi**

Question 57

Urethrogram

Answer 57

* Main indication is to detect urethral obstructions or urethral rupture * most frequently performed in male dogs * positive contrast retrograde (male) * prostatic urethra normally the most narrow

Question 58

What is found in the bladder?

Answer 58

Question 59

In what views might the pylorus look like a mass?

Answer 59

right lateral and DV fluid and gas shift into the various compartments based on gravity

Question 60

Fundus and pylorus views showing gas Vs fluid

Answer 60

Question 61

What view is A? B?

Answer 61

Question 62

What abnormality?

Answer 62

GDV- emergency!

Question 63

What abnormality?

Answer 63

NORMAL

Question 64

What abnormality?

Answer 64

**gravel sign**

Question 65

Name abnormality of intestines

Answer 65

intussusception

Question 66

Name abnormality of intestines

Answer 66

thickened wall | (neoplasia, severe enteritis, FIP)

Question 67

T/F Pneumomediastinum can result in pneumothorax, gas in facial planes of nec and gas in retroperitoneal space.

Answer 67

true?

Question 68

Retraction of the lungs is indicative of

Answer 68

pneumothorax

Question 69

Which 2 tests are good for detecting free gas?

Answer 69

horizontal beam rads and US

Question 70

Tracheal collapse dx?

Answer 70

narrowing in cervical region during inspiration and narrowing thoracic during expiration

Question 71

T/F: US has a 95% sensitivity for dx acute pancreatitis

Answer 71

FALSE

Question 72

Best modality to test for fetal death?

Answer 72

US- see heart beats

Question 73

Medial Iliac Lymphadenopathy detected?

Answer 73

Yup

Question 74

Gastric rupture detected?

Answer 74

yup

Question 75

What abnormality?

Answer 75

gastric rupture

Question 76

What abnormality?

Answer 76

urethral rupture

Question 77

Functional Vs Mechanical Ileus

Answer 77

mechanical- degree of enlargement usually greater than in functional ileus usually just gas in functional

Question 78

Reasons for CRANIAL displaced gastric access

Answer 78

diaphragmatic hernia, small liver tumor caudally, pregnancy

Question 79

What is the thickest layer of intestinal layering?

Answer 79

mucosa/ hypoechoic

Question 80

Label the layers of intestine

Answer 80