Diabetes Part 1 Flashcards
body’s primary source of energy
glucose
normal fasting blood glucose level
80-120 g/dL
insulin
decreases glucose levels
secreted by beta cells
glucagon
increases glucose levels
secreted by alpha cells
hyperglycemia number that indicated diabetes
> 126 mg/dL
signs/symptoms of diabetes
thirst, urination, dry skin, hunger, blurred vision, drowsiness
glucose level that indicates diabetic shock
> 600 mg/dL
give IV insulin immediately
hypoglycemia level
50-80 mg/dL
signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia
huger, HA, blurred vision, anxiety, fatigue, sweating, tachycardia, dizziness
treatment of hypoglycemia
glucose tablets, candy, juice
insulin shock level
<50 mg/dL
treat with IV glucagon immediately
complications diabetes can lead to
atherosclerosis, retinal hemorrhage, blindness, renal dysfunction, neuropathy, antibiotic-resistant skin infections
non-drug therapy for diabetes
diet, exercise, weight loss, education, nutritional counseling
onset and duration of rapid acting insulin therapy
o- 10-30 min
d- 3-5 hrs
onset and duration of short acting insulin therapy
o- 30 min-1 hr
d-6-8 hr
onset and duration of intermediate acting insulin therapy
o- 1-3 hrs
d- 18-24 hrs
onset and duration of long acting insulin therapy
o- 2-3 hrs
d- 12-24 hrs
only inhaled insulin drug
technosphere insulin (Afrezza®)
administration of insulin
sub-q
in syringe (0.01 mL)
insulin pen
how should insulin be stored and prior to injection
refrigerated
wash hands, alcohol wipe
side effects of insulin therapy
hypoglycemia, blurred vision, allergic reactions, lipodystrophy
