diagnosis

Question 1

DSM-5

Answer 1

• made by APA
• used in USA
• main purpose is to diagnose mental disorders
• categorical approach so each disorder is separate

Question 2

ICD-10

Answer 2

• made by WHO
• used worldwide to classify diseases including mental disorders
• used to standardise diagnosis, enable data collection for research and plan treatment
• categorical approach

Question 3

differences between ICD and DSM

Answer 3

• ICD can be freely viewed and accessible online, DSM must be paid for to generate income for APA
• only a 68% agreement between ICD-10 and DSM-4 on assessment of 1500 patients
• in 7000 prisoners, ICD-10 and DSM-5 agreed on diagnosing healthy ppts and severe alcoholics but 1/3 of those diagnosed by DSM as mild alcoholics got no diagnosis from ICD

Question 4

similarities between ICD and DSM

Answer 4

• both are used for diagnosis and categorisation of disorders where 2+ symptoms have to be present
• used by qualified health professionals
• inter-rater reliability since DSM was brought in-line with ICD to be more objective
• good agreement in diagnosing SZ
• both have a Western bias

Question 5

DSM critiques

Answer 5

potential over-diagnosis, lack of consideration for cultural variability, and increased medicalization of normal human behaviour

Question 6

ICD critiques

Answer 6

very complex, lack of cultural sensitivity and possible over-diagnosis