Diagnostic Imaging Flashcards by Jonathan Rodriguez

linear calcifications anterior to l1-l4

diagnosis w/ diameter >3.5

abnominal aortic aneurysm

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champagne glass pelvis
played cupped metaphysis
small skull base

achondroplasia

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large sella turnica
arrowhead phalanges
heel pad >23 mm

acromegaly

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soap-bubble metaphyseal lytic lesion
filed with blood
ballooning of cortex

aneurysmal bone cyst

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hallux valgus deformity with marked soft tissue swelling

bunion

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AVN of head of femur
patchy sclerosis and lucency
crescent sign

Chandler

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wedged-shaped dense medial upper end of tibia

overweight and black kids

blount

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totally disorganized joint with destruction, debris, and distension

Charcot’s joint

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multiple faceted stones in right upper quadrant
ultrasound
+ Murphys sign

cholelithiasis

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linear intra-articular calcification in the knee, elbow, shoulder or wrist

CPPD (pseudogout)

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eccentric lucent lesion in metaphysis with cortical depression

chondroma

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oval epiphyseal lytic lesion in metaphysis in lower or upper tibia
fluffy cotton wool

chondroblastoma

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round or elongated lesion eccentrically located

thins the cortex

chondromyxoid fibroma

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intramedullary lytic soap-bubble lesion

speckled calcification in the tibia

chondrosarcoma

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small femoral epiphysis
lateral femoral displacement
shallow acetabulum

congenital hip dysplasia

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ADI > 5 mm in a child
hypoplastic atlas
agenesis of the lens

Down’s syndrome

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geographic central explansile lesion with stippled calcification
hands or feet

enchondroma

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numerous intramedullary lesions in long bones

phlebolith calcifications

enchodramatosis

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geographic lesion in medullary region

destructive moth-eaten appearance

eosinophilic granuloma

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diaphyseal permeative

onion-skin appearance with cortical saucerization

Ewing’s sarcoma

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circumscribed lytic lesion
ground glass
soap-bubble
shepard’s crook

fibrous dysplasia

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AVN
sclerosis
fragmentation and deformation of the 2nd metatarsal head

fibrosarcoma

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eccentric metaphyseal lesion crosses epiphyseal line

soap-bubble appearance

giant cell tumor

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soft tissue swelling
periarticular bone erosion
overhanging margin sign

gout

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periarticular calcification around the shoulder joint | may affect hip and spine

HADD

beak-like spurs on radial sides of metacarpal heads | joint space narrowing

hemochromatosis

articular irregularity wide intercondylar femoral groove soft tissue swelling

hemophilia

AVN | dense sclerotic lunate bone with partial fragmentation and collapse

Keinbock

blocked vertebrae occipitalization of C1 platybasia wasp-waist sign

Klippel Feil syndrome

AVN partial fragmentation sclerosis and collapse of the navicular bone

Kohler

thick transverse radiodense metaphysis bands (lead line)

lead poisoning

small femoral head mushroom deformity epiphyseal sclerosis fragmentation

Legg-Calve-Perthes

ivory vertebra punched-out lytic bone lesions bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy

Lymphoma in bone

dystrophic calcification in muscle | brachialis, quadriceps, thigh adductors

myositis ossificans

solitary oval radiolucent defect thin cortex bunch of grapes appearance

non-ossifying fibroma

subluxation of the proximal radio-ulnar joint in a child | soft tissue swelling

Nursemaid's elbow

anterior surface irregularities of the tibial tuberosity in teens soft tissue swelling

Osgood-Schlatter's

triangular sclerosis of the lower ilium near sacroiliac joint bilateral symmetric

osteitis condensans ilii

``` joint space narrowing subchondral sclerosis (eburnation) osteophytes ```

osteoarthritis

multiple small rounded radiopacitiies in the ends of long bones (normal variant)

osteopoikilosis

eccentric, lytic lesion in the metaphysic or diaphysis or in the neural arch

osteoblastoma

``` AVN medial femoral epicondyle ankle , hop, and elbow arc-like cleft fragment ```

osteochondritis dessicans

broad-based bone outgrowth-cauliflower (mushroom-like) or coat-hanger look

osteochondroma

metaphyseal fractures at different healing stages | pencil-thin cortices

osteogenesis imperfecta

lucent lesion < 2cm surrounded by a rim of dense bone long bone or spine

osteoid osteoma

dense sclerotic well-circumscribed lesion rarely >2cm | in the skull or sinuses

osteoma

pseudofractures in long bones decreased bone density coarsended trabeculae

osteomalacia

soft tissue swelling periosteal elevation Brodie's abscess involucrum

osteomyelitis

general demineralization thin cortex few but coarsended trabeculae

osteoporosis

blastic metaphyseal permeative lesion Codman triangle sunburst appearance

osteosarcoma

cotton wool skull mixed blastic/lytic lesions pelvic brim and candle flame sign

Paget's disease

ossification of the medial knee collateral ligament | traumatic

Pelligrini-Stieda disease

AVN | sclerosis and fragmentation of the proximal pole of the scaphoid

Preiser

cup and pencil deformity of DIP joints mouse ears sausage digits

psoriatic arthritis

soft tissue swelling intra-articular erosions ulnar deviation of MCP joints

rheumatoid arthritis

widened growth plate metaphyseal cupping | paint brush apperance in a child

rickets

anterior wedging Schmorl's nodes decreased disc height in 3+ vertebrae

Scheuermann's

ice cream sliding off cone sign | disrupted Kleins line and Shentons line

SCFE

soft tissue retraction | calcinosis cutis and acro-osteolysis

scleroderma

Frankl's line Pelken's spur Wimberger's ring

scurvy

AVN | fragmented irregular sclerosis of the calcaneal apophysis

sever

hair-on-end skull undertubulation of long bones cod-fish vertebrae

sickle cell disease

slippage of one vertebra on the other most common at L5/S1 pars fracture

spondylolisthesis

expansile geographic defect on proximal humerus on femur | fallen fragment sign

simple bone cyst

small elevated scapula omovertebral bone (30%) Klippel Feil syndrome

Sprengel's deformity

soft tissue swelling periarticular osteoporosis reducible ulnar deviation

SLE

apical cavitation unilateral or bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy tracheal shift

tuberculosis

circumscribed lesion ground glass/ soap bubble appearance ribs , femur

fibrous dysplasia

eccentric lesion in the metaphysic or diaphysis of long bone

osteoblastoma

lesion crossing the epiphyseal plate | soap bubble appearance

giant cell tumor

most likely from colon, lung, or breast

metastasis

soap bubble apearance most common in long bones (distal femur)

aneurysmal bone cyst

oval subarticular (epiphyseal) lytic lesion < 5cm

chondroblastoma

corduroy cloth apperance (vertical black lines)

hemangioma

brodie's abscess

infection

eccentric defect with thin rim of sclerosis >3cm

non-ossifying fibroma

geographic lesion in the medullary region

eosinophilic granuloma

unicameral cyst - single soap bubble in long bones (proximal humerus)

simple bone cyst

necrosis in medial upper end of tibia

blount

necrosis in head of femur in an adult

chandler

necrosis in second metatarsal

freiberg

necrosis in lunate

kienbock

necrosis in navicular

kohler

necrosis in head of femur in a child

Legg-Calve perthes

necrosis in medial femoral epicondyle

osteochondritis dessicans

necrosis in scaphoid

preiser

necrosis in calcaneus

sever

Lesion with sharp margins, geographic destruction, solid periosteal reaction, 0-6 cm, and no soft tissue involvement

benign lesion

lesion with imperceptible margins, moth-eaten apperance or permeative with cortical destruction, spiculated/ codmans triangle/ onion skin apperance for periosteal reaction, >6cm, and soft tissue involement present

malignant lesion

anterior scalloping of lumbar vertebrae

abdominal aortic aneurysm

blocked vertebrae

Klippel-Feil syndrome

codfish vertebra

sickle cell disease, Cushing's disease

Corduroy cloth apperance

hemangioma

diffuse osteopenia

osteoporosis, cushing's, multiple myeloma

increased ADI

downs syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis

island of bone in vertebra

enostoma

ivory vertebra

lymphoma, Paget's disease, osteoblastic mets

marble bone

osteopetrosis

missing pedicle

lytic metastases (common), multiple myeloma

omovertebral bone

Klippel-fiel syndrome

picture frame vertebra

hyperparathyroidism

Rugger Jersey spine

hyperparathyroidism

schmorl's nodes

sheuermann's disease

squared vertebra

ankylosing spondylitis

syndesmophytes (marginal - thin vertical)

ankylosing spondylitis

syndesmophytes (non-marginal - thick and lumpy)

DISH, psoriatic arthritis and reactive arthritis

mc malignancy in the old

multiple myeloma

mc malignancy in the young

osteosarcoma

2nd mc malignancy in the old

chondrosarcoma

2nd mc malignancy in the young

ewing sarcoma

prominent EOP enlarged sella turcica protruding jaw heel pad > 23mm

acromegaly

delayed closure of skull sutures | numerous Wormian bones

cleidocranial dysostosis

salt and pepper appearance

hyperparathyroidism

single or multiple punched out lesions

metastases

moth eaten apperance or raindrop lesions

dense solitary bone island with no cortical elevation | pedunculated mass in a sinus

osteoma

cotton wool appearance | osteoporosis circumscripta

Paget's disease

widened diploe with hair on end apperance

sickle cell disease

defect in the inferior lip of the glenoid fossa from an anterior shoulder dislocation

Bankart lesion

linear intra-articular calcification

calcium pyrophophate deposition disease CPPD

joint space narrowing osteophytes subchondral sclerosis

degenerative joint disease DJD

indentation in the posterolateral aspect of the head of the humerus - hatchet sign due to impaction fx

Hill Sachs lesion

cloud-like calcification in the supraspinatus tendon

hydroxyapatite deposition disease HADD

vertical fracture through midline of the head of the radius

chisel

fracture of the proximal ulna and dislocation of the proximal radio-unlar joint

monteggia

midshaft fracture through the ulna

night stick

bump on the bone

greenstick (torus fracture)

fracture through styloid process of the radius

chauffeur

fracture through the distal radius with posterior displacement of the distal fragment

colles

fracture through the distal radius with anterior displacement

smith

thickened metaphyseal bands (lead lines)

lead poisoning

slice of pie sign | volar orientation of the lunate bone

anterior lunate dislocation

Terry Thomas sign: increased space btwn scaphoid and lunate bones

scapholunate dislocation

V-shaped proximal carpal row | dorsal dislocation of ulna and exaggerated radial inclination

Madelung deformity

soft tissue swelling juxta-articular osteoporosis joint deformity with ulnar deviation of hand

rheumatoid arthritis

splaying of the metaphysis and paint brush sign | widening growth plate

rickets

arrowhead or spade-like terminal phalanges

acromegaly

dense irregular sclerotic area in the scaphoid or lunate bone

avascular necrosis

osteopenia of the metacarpals and phalanges

complex regional pain syndrome

fracture of 1st metacarpal, 1st carpometacarpal subluxation

Bennet

fracture through 2nd or 3rd metacarpal bone

Boxer

fracture through the 4th or 5th metacarpal bone

Bar Room

avulsion fracture of the flexor digitorum tendon

Jersey

avulsion fracture of base of distal phalanx

Mallet finger

comminuted fracture of 1st metacarpal

Rolando

avulsion fracture of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

Skier's thumb

beak-like osteophytes on the radial aspects of the heads of the metacarpals

hemochromatosis

acro-osteolysis ulnar deviation of the MCP joints swan neck and boutonniere deformities like RA except the joint spaces are normal

SLE

Romanus lesion shiny corner dagger sign squaring and bamboo

ankylosing spondylitis

formation of a neo-arthrosis betwen two adjacent spinous processes (kissing vertebra disease)

Basstrup's disease

``` joint space narrowing osteophytes subchondral sclerosis uncinate arthrosis in c spine vacuum sign ```

DJD

increased atlanto-dental interval >5mm in a child

Down syndrome

fracture with small displaced corner peice with ragged edges

avulsion

fracture with horizontal lines thru neural arch and v body | most common at L1/2

Chance fracture

fracture thru spinous process of C7 | hyperflexion injury

Clay shovelers fx

fracture thru pedicle of C2

hangman fx

horizontal lines for venous channels in the vertebral body (normal finding)

Hahn's lines

small piece of bone in line w/ vertebral body and with round edges

Limbus bone

ivory vertebra multiple lytic lesions anterior body scalloping

Lymphoma

nidus <2cm of bone with a zone of reactive bone | pain relieved by aspirin

osteoid osteoma

decreased joint space | "teeth marks" in the endplates and Brodie's abscess

osteomyelitis

marble bone early stage-bone in bone later-sandwhich vertebrae

osteopetrosis

numerous white densitites of similar type | confused with blastic metastases

osteopoikilosis

champagne glass shape of pelvic inlet

achondroplasia

Putti's triad superolateral migration of the femoral head increased acetabular angle small capital femoral epiphysis

congenital hip dysplasia

ground glass and soap bubble apperance | sheperds crook of the femur

fibrous dysplasia

fracture thru the lateral aspect of iliac wing

Duverny fx

fracture of ipsilateral vertical fractures thru superior and inferior pubic rami with a fracture/dislocation of the ipsilateral sacro joint

Malgaigne fx

Diagnostic Imaging Flashcards

(168 cards)