Diarrhea

Question 1

transmission

Answer 1

fecal-oral from food or water contaminated with animal or human feces

Question 2

sigs of moderate dehydration

Answer 2

• thirst
• restless behavior
• decreased urine output
• sunken eyes, tears absent, decreased moisture in mouth

Question 3

signs of severe dehydration

Answer 3

• lethargy, floppy, weak
• lack of urine output
• dry mouth
• poor skin turgor
• hypovolemic shock

Question 4

treatment and prevention

Answer 4

rehydration therapy (IV or oral) used to counteract loss of fluid and electrolyttes from diarrhea

Question 5

gastroenteritis

Answer 5

inflammation of the GI tract due to an infeciton or toxin; associated with diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea and/or vomiting

Question 6

food poising

Answer 6

ingest preformed exotoxin –> damage to host tisues by the activity of the exotoxin

Question 7

infectious gastroenteritis

Answer 7

ingest bacteria that colonze the gut –> damage to host tissues by either bacteria replicating and invading the tissue by bacteria adhering ot the gut lining and secreting exotoxin (produced in vivo)

Question 8

secretory diarrhea

Answer 8

• often mediated by an enterotoxin
• infecting bacterai do not invade
• watery diarrhea with loss of electrolytes and fluid from the intestines
• possible accompanied by nausea and vomting
• usaully small intestine

Question 9

invasine/inflammatory diarrhea

Answer 9

• typically due to bacteria invading the intestinal mucosa
• mucosal lining of the intestine is inflamed and becomes damaged
• frequent, diarrhea containing mucus, pus, and sometimes blood in stool
• usually large intestine