Diarrhea

Question 1

Noninvasive (enterotoxin) Infectious Diarrhea
-Norovirus

Answer 1

-MCC of gastroenteritis in N. America
-Outbreaks (cruise ships, hospitals, restaurants)
-Vomiting, non-bloody diarrhea that lacks fecal leukocytes
-Oral fluid replacement as treatment

Question 2

-Rotavirus

Answer 2

-MC seen in young, unimmunized children between 6 months - 2 years old
-Vomiting, non bloody diarrhea, fever
-Oral rehydration as treatment

Question 3

-Staph Aureus Gastroenteritis

Answer 3

-Incubation period within 6 hours
-Food contamination (dairy products, mayo, meats, eggs, salads) at room temperature
-Prominent vomiting and nausea
-Oral fluid replacement

Question 4

Bacillus Cereus Gastroenteritis

Answer 4

-Within 6 hours (like Staph A)
-Contaminated food (fried rice)
-Nausea and vomiting MC
-Oral fluid replacement

Question 5

Enterotoxigenic E. Coli

Answer 5

-MCC of traveller’s diarrhea
-Contaminated food and water; includes washing fruits in the water
-Abrupt onset of watery, non-bloody diarrhea
-Oral rehydration is first-line

Question 6

Vibrio Cholerae

Answer 6

-Gram negative, comma-shaped rod from contaminated food and water
-Copious watery diarrhea
-Rice stools (grey with flecks of mucus and may have a FISHY odor).
-No blood, fecal odor, or pus
-Oral rehydration, electrolyte replacement first
-Tetracyclines IF NEEDED