Diet

Question 1

What is a balanced diet made up of?

Answer 1

55% carbohydrates, 15% proteins and 30% of fats

Question 2

What is the function of carbohydrates?

Answer 2

Store excess glucose as glycogen and turn it into glucose when needed

Question 3

What can athletes gain from carbohydrates?

Answer 3

Can allows aerobic and anaerobic energy production

Question 4

What is an example of a source of carbohydrates?

Answer 4

Potatoes and fruit

Question 5

What is the function of proteins?

Answer 5

Allow growth and repair of muscles, makes haemoglobin and enzyme and muscle production

Question 6

What can athletes gain from proteins?

Answer 6

Faster recovery from training

Question 7

What is an example of a source of protein?

Answer 7

Eggs and meat

Question 8

What is the function of fats?

Answer 8

Aerobic energy production- 2x the energy yield of carbohydrates

Question 9

What are the two types of fats?

Answer 9

Saturated and unsaturated

Question 10

What type of fat is unhealthy for an individual?

Answer 10

Saturated fat and it can lead to weight gain/ cardiovascular disease

Question 11

What is an example of saturated and unsaturated fats?

Answer 11

-saturated- bacon

-unsaturated- avocado

Question 12

What is the function of minerals?

Answer 12

Increase in enzyme production which breaks down fuel

Question 13

What can athletes gain from minerals?

Answer 13

Prevents bones from fracturing

Question 14

What is an example of a source of minerals?

Answer 14

Calcium and iron

Question 15

What is the function of vitamins?

Answer 15

Increased immunity

Question 16

What can athletes gain from vitamins?

Answer 16

Increases the ability to train and perform without disruption

Question 17

What is an example of a source of vitamin?

Answer 17

A-antioxidant, B-breakdown of food

Question 18

What is the function of fibre?

Answer 18

Used for the Efficiency of the digestive system

Question 19

What do athletes gain from fibre?

Answer 19

Allows athletes to absorb more nutrients for energy production

Question 20

What is a source of fibre?

Answer 20

Cereal

Question 21

What is the function of water?

Answer 21

-allows blood transport, due to 90% of blood plasma being water which delivers glucose to the muscles

-regulates temperature via sweat- lack of water leads to dehydration which decreases blood plasma volume and increases heart rate

-

Question 22

What is energy expenditure a sum of?

Answer 22

Basal metabolic rate (BMR), the térmica effect of food (TEF) and the energy expenditure in physical activity.

Question 23

What is Thermic effect of food?

Answer 23

It’s the energy required to absorb food

Question 24

What is the physical activity energy expenditure?

Answer 24

The total number of calories required to perform daily tasks in estimated MET values

Question 25

What is MET? 

Answer 25

The ratio of of a performers metabolic rate to restring metabolic rate 

Question 26

What is BMR? 

Answer 26

The calories needed to maintain vital functions 

Question 27

What are ergogenic aids? 

Answer 27

A substance, object or method used to improve or enhance performance

Question 28

What are pharmacological aids? 

Answer 28

A group of ergogenic aids taken to increase the levels of hormones or neural transmitters naturally produced in the body. 

Question 29

Why are anabolic steroids taken? 

Answer 29

To promote protein synthesis and muscle growth

Question 30

What sports is anabolic steroids usually associated with? 

Answer 30

Sprinters, throwers and rugby players 

Question 31

What are the positives of anabolic steroids? 

Answer 31

-increased speed of recovery  - increased intensity and duration of trading  - increased muscle mass and strength 

Question 32

What are the risks of anabolic steroids? 

Answer 32

-aggression  -mood swings  - Acne 

Question 33

Why is RhEPO taken by athletes? 

Answer 33

To increase red blood cell production

Question 34

What sport performers is RhEPO associated with? 

Answer 34

Endurance performers 

Question 35

What are the positives of RhEPO? 

Answer 35

-increase red blood cells & haemoglobin count  - increased intensity and duration of performance before fatigue 

Question 36

What are the negatives of RhEPO?

Answer 36

increased risk of blood clots and heart failure  - decreased natural production of EPO

Question 37

Why is human growth hormone taken? 

Answer 37

Increases protein synthesis for muscle growth, recovery and repair 

Question 38

What sports performers is human growth hormone associating with? 

Answer 38

-power lifters  -body builders 

Question 39

What are the positives of human growth hormone? 

Answer 39

-increased muscle mass and strength  - increased speed of recovery  -increased blood glucose levels 

Question 40

What are the negatives of human growth hormone? 

Answer 40

increased risk of certain cancers and diabetes  - abnormal bone and muscle development