Diet Flashcards
6 months of age
doubles its bw
within first year
triples bw
normal child needs during 1st year
100 kcal per kilogram of bw each day
up to 6 months of age
2.2g of protein per kilogram of bw each day
6-12 months
1.56kg of protein per kilogram of bw each day
formula based on age
(age in months divide 2) +3
ex. 3/2+3 = 4.5 kg
DBW (infants)
Based on bw and age
first 6 months:
BW(gm)+(age in monthsx600)
first 7 months:
BW(gm)+(age in monthsx500)
ex.bw= 3600
age= 7 mos
3600+7x500=7100gm
=7.1 kg
TER (infants)
0-6 months
TER (kcal/day)= 120kcals x DBW (kg)
7 months-1 year
TER (kcal/day)= 110kcals x DBW (kg)
Height monitoring (infants)
Determine the Birth Height (BH)
At 1 year old = BH + 24 cm
At 2 years old = + 12 cm
At 3 years old = + 8 cm
Between 4 - 8 years old = + 6 cm every year thereafter
Breastfeeding
Indications of adequate nutrition include:
The infant has six or more wet diapers per day.
2. The infant has normal growth.
3. The infant has one or two mustard-colored bowel movements per day.
4. The breast becomes soft during nursing.
breastfeeding
Breast should be offered every 2 hours in the first few weeks.
• The infant should nurse 10-15min on each breast.
• Growth spurts occur at about 10 days, 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 3 months; infant may nurse more frequently.
6-8months
Introduction to solid foods:
- Single-ingredient purees
- Iron-rich foods (e.g., pureed meats, iron-fortified cereals)
- Fruits and vegetables
supplementary food
The typical order of introduction begins with:
1. Cereal, usually iron-fortified rice, then oat, wheat, and mixed cereals;
2. Cooked and pureed vegetables follow;
3. Cooked and pureed fruits,
4. Egg yolk, and finally,
5. Finely ground meats.
between 6 and 12 months
toast, teething biscuits, custards, puddings, and ice cream can be added.
• Honey should never be given to an infant because it could be contaminated with Clostridium botulinum bacteria.
clostridium botulinum cause
1.Muscle weakness
2. Paralysis
3. Respiratory failure
4. Difficulty swallowing
5. Drooping eyelids
6. Weak cry
7. Poor sucking or feeding
8. Constipation
feeding problems/common disorder during infancy
Colic (kabag)
2. Regurgitation
3. Overfeeding / Underfeeding
4. Baby bottle tooth decay
5. Iron-deficiency anemia
6. Gastroesophageal reflux
7. Diarrhea
8. Failure to thrive
9. Fruit Juices and Drinks
3-6 ounces per day; avoid putting in a bottle
indications for readiness for solid foods:tips on giving new foods
- Ability to pull food into the mouth rather than pushing the tongue and food out of the mouth.
- Willingness to participate in the process.
- Ability to sit up without support.
- Having head and neck control.
- The need for additional nutrients.
- Drinking more than 32 ounces of formula or nursing 8 to 10 times in 24 hours.
1-3 years old
1,300 kcals/day
4-6 years old
1,800 kcals/day
7-10 years old
2000 kcals/day
Narin and Weil
TER= 1000 + (100x age in years)
Calorie needs for age &DBW
TER= DBW (k) x calorie allowance according to age
DBW (children)
DBW (kg) = (age in yearsx2)+ 8
e.g 5 years old
(5x2)+8=18kg
TER (children)
1-3 yrs old
105
