Diet and Disease Flashcards
(15 cards)
What are macronutrients?
Nutrients the body needs in large amounts.
What are the three main types of macronutrients?
Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids (fats).
What are micronutrients?
Nutrients the body needs in small amounts.
What are two examples of micronutrients?
Vitamins and minerals.
What are carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates are nutrients that provide the body with its main source of energy, especially for the brain and muscles.
What is the body’s preferred fuel source for energy?
Glucose from carbohydrates.
How much energy does 1 gram of carbohydrate provide?
16 kJ of energy.
Why does the brain need glucose?
The brain and central nervous system need a constant supply of glucose to function properly.
What are three common food sources of carbohydrates?
White bread, pasta, and potatoes.
What is fibre made of?
The indigestible parts of plant matter.
what is fiber
Fiber is the part of plant food that the body can’t digest. It helps keep the digestive system healthy and makes it easier to go to the toilet.
How does fiber help with digestion?
It adds bulk to feces, making them softer and easier to pass.
What does fiber do in the digestive tract?
It helps move waste through the digestive system, keeping it clean.
How does fiber affect appetite?
It provides a feeling of fullness.
What are three food sources of fiber?
Whole meal pasta, brown rice, and whole meal bread.
