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Dietary Disorders Flashcards

(102 cards)

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1
Q

Unbalanced diet

A

A diet which has too much or too little of a particular nutrient

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2
Q

Dietary disorder

A

A health problem which is caused by having an unbalanced diet

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3
Q

Lifestyle

A

How we lead our lives eg how much physical activity we engage in

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4
Q

Modifiable

A

risk factors that can be changed or altered

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5
Q

Non-modifiable

A

Risk factors that cannot be changed or altered

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6
Q

Risk factor

A

Something that increases ur chances of getting a disease

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7
Q

Physical health

A

Relates to the body and it’s functioning

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8
Q

Diet

A

The food that we eat including fluids

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9
Q

Strategy

A

A careful plan or method

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10
Q

Mental health

A

Our emotional health

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11
Q

What 8 things can u do to avoid the risk of developing dietary disorders

A

Base meals on higher fibre starchy foods
Eat lots of fruit and veg
Eat more fish- a portion of oily fish a week
Cut down on saturated fat and sugar
Eat less salt- no more than 6g a day
Get active and be a healthy weight
Drink plenty of water
Don’t skip breakfast

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12
Q

How much of the food u eat should be starchy carbs

A

1/3

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13
Q

What are 4 examples of starchy carbs

A

Bread
rice
pasta
cereal

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14
Q

What does wholewheat foods help u to do that white and refined starchy carbs can’t do

A

Feel full for longer

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15
Q

What is better saturated or unsaturated

A

Unsaturated

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16
Q

What can too much saturated fat do to u

A

Increase the amount of cholesterol in the blood which increases your risk of developing heart disease

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17
Q

What can increasing the amount of cholesterol in ur blood do to u

A

Increase ur risk of developing heart disease

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18
Q

What are 4 main foods saturated fat is found in

A

Fatty cuts of meat
sausages
butter
cream pies

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19
Q

What are 3 examples of unsaturated fat

A

Vegetable oil
oily fish
avocado

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20
Q

What are 5 of the most common dietary related disorders in the uk?

A

Obesity
coronary heart disease
tooth decay
rickets
type 2 diabetes

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21
Q

What are 3 other factors that are non-modifiable which can increase your chances of disease or illness

A

Getting older
being male
genetic factors

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22
Q

What are 5 lifestyle factors which can increase or chances of disease or illness

A

Smoking cigarettes
lack of exercise
having a stressful job
consuming too much alcohol
lack of exposure to sunlight

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23
Q

What are 4 types of physical health issues associated with being overweight and obese

A

Type 2 diabetes
some cancers
coronary heart disease
blood clots

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24
Q

What are 4 types of mental health issues associated with being overweight and obese

A

Depression
low self-esteem
anxiety
relationship problems

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25
How can we keep our energy balance even
Input (food and drink) must equal output (physical activity, growth) for weight control
26
What is grazing
Eating mindlessly
27
What does exercise burn
Calories
28
How long should we exercise a day
60 mins
29
What 3 good things does fat do to us
Stay warm provide energy absorb vitamin A,D and E
30
What are monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats
Healthy fats which can help to maintain the levels of cholesterol in the blood
31
What does cholesterol do
Helps make hormones and assists digestion
32
What can u replace cheddar cheese with to make lower fat and sugar choices
Low fat cheddar cheese
33
What can u replace butter with to make lower fat and sugar choices
Low fat spreads
34
What can u replace whole milk with to make lower fat and sugar choices
Skimmed or semi-skimmed milk
35
What can u replace coco pops with to make lower fat and sugar choices
Shredded wheat or weetabix
36
What can u replace chocolate muffins, cookies or donuts with to make lower fat and sugar choices
Fruit salad pots
37
What can u replace coke with to make lower fat and sugar choices
Water
38
How does cardiovascular disease occur
One or more of the coronary arteries are narrowed or completely blocked by a build up of fatty deposits or cholesterol on its walls.
39
What can cardiovascular disease result in
A heart attack
40
When does a stroke occur
When an artery to the brain becomes blocked
41
What are 2 non-modifiable risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD)
Being male getting older
42
In the Mediterranean diet people eat more…
Fruit and veg, whole grain breads and cereals, nuts and pulses, seeds and oily fish
43
In the Mediterranean diet people eat less…
Saturated fats from red meat and dairy foods
44
How much is the alcohol consumption in a Mediterranean diet
Moderate- 1 a day with main meal instead of 2 or 3 at weekends
45
In the Mediterranean diet people get high levels of…
Sunshine and therefore more vitamin D
46
What special type of unsaturated fat is in oily fish
Omega 3
47
What does omega 3 reduce
The likelihood of blood clots developing in an artery
48
What vitamin is in fruit and veg
Vitamin D
49
What type of fat does olive oil produce
Monounsaturated fat
50
Peak bone mass refers to
The stage at which bone are at their strongest
51
Peak bone mass is usually reached at which age
18 for girls and 20 for boys
52
After 18 for girls and 20 for boys what happens to bone mass
It gradually decreases and the risk of fractures and osteoporosis in later life is increased
53
How can increasing peak bone mass be achieved
Ensuring adequate intakes of vitamin D and calcium and by taking regular weight bearing activity
54
What are 3 examples of weight bearing activity
Running Dancing Hockey
55
What are 3 main sources of calcium
Milk Cheese Yogurt
56
What are 4 non-dairy foods that are good sources of calcium
White flour Pulses Canned fish with bones Dried fruit
57
Why is vitamin D important for healthy bones
It helps absorb calcium from food
58
What are 3 dietary sources of vitamin D
Oily fish Eggs Red meat
59
Where is vitamin D made
Under the skin
60
When is vitamin D made
When skin is exposed to sunlight
61
What is osteoporosis the leading cause of
collapsed vertebrae
62
What can osteoporosis lead to
pain, height loss and spinal deformity
63
What does the body produce and use for energy
Glucose (sugar)
64
When does type 1 diabetes occur
When the body isn’t able to produce any insulin
65
How is type 1 diabetes managed
By insulin injections
66
Is type 1 diabetes more likely to happen to under or over 40
Under 40
67
When does type 2 diabetes occur
When the body produces some insulin but not enough
68
How is type 2 diabetes controlled
By diet or diet and insulin tablets/injections
69
Does type 2 diabetes occur more in people over or under 40
Over 40
70
What are 3 reasons people with diabetes is increasing
More leisure time spent on sedentary hobbies Increased availability of fatty/sugary snack, bigger portion sizes Greater awareness of symptoms leading to an increase in diagnosis
71
What is diabetes symptoms closely related with
Obesity
72
What is the function of insulin in our body
allows the glucose in our blood to enter our cells and fuel our bodies
73
What is the sugar which carbohydrate is broken down into during digestion
Glucose
74
What is the organ which releases insulin
The pancreas
75
If insulin does not work properly blood glucose levels will drop or rise
Rise
76
With type 2 diabetes, glucose cannot get into our cells and so we will feel
Tired
77
What are 3 symptoms of type 2 diabetes
Tiredness Loss of weight Needing to urinate often
78
Why is it possible to live with symptoms of type 2 diabetes for up to 10 years without a diagnosis
they can be mild and develop over a long time
79
What are the long term impacts of high glucose levels in the blood
Damage to the nerves in the hands and feet and damage to eyesight
80
What are 2 ways u can manage type 2 diabetes without medication
Follow a healthy diet according to the eat well guide Take part in the recommended amount of exercise
81
When does coeliac disease occur
When the body reacts to gluten
82
When the body cannot tolerate gluten it means what in the small intestine are not formed properly
Villi
83
What is a result of villi not being formed properly
An individual will not be able to absorb nutrients properly
84
Villi are what like
Finger like
85
What are 4 cereal grains which contain gluten
Wheat Barley Oats Rye
86
What type of food should be avoided by coeliacs
Ready made meals
87
What are 4 symptoms of ceoliac disease
Nausea Tiredness Constipation Reduced growth in children
88
What should an individual do in order to manage coeliac disease
The individual must remove gluten from their diet completely
89
what is the link between excess weight carried around the waist and diabetes
Men with a raised waist circumference are 5 times as likely to have diagnosed diabetes
90
what are 3 dietary risk factors associated with osteoporosis
Low vitamin D levels Inadequate amounts of calcium Inadequate amounts of vitamin A
91
what are 3 lifestyle risk factors associated with osteoporosis
Smoking Consuming too much alcohol Lack of physical activity
92
What are 5 foods coeliacs can eat
Fruit and veg Rice Fish Potatoes Meat
93
What are 5 foods coeliacs must avoid
Yogurt Ice cream Cereals Breads Processed cheese
94
What are ‘free sugars’
Sugars added to foods and drinks by manufacturers, cooks or consumers
95
What are 4 examples of food or drink that have free sugars
Fizzy drinks cakes and pastries Breakfast cereals Fruit juice
96
Why does smoking increase ur risk of getting CHD
Nicotine and Adrenalin increase heart rate and blood pressure, leading to artery narrowing and higher risk of developing heart disease
97
Why does lack of physical activity increase ur risk of getting CHD
Lack of physical activity can cause obesity and high blood pressure, increasing strain on the heart and the build up of plaque in arteries
98
What does salt increase
Blood pressure
99
What happens to your blood when u smoke
It becomes stickier and more likely to clot
100
What 2 types of cancer can cause obesity
Breast and pancreatic
101
What is seen as ‘too much alcohol’
more than 2 drinks per day
102
Definition of obesity
Excessive fat accumulated that may impact health

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