Differences between innate and adaptive immunity

Question 1

Three main types of cells develop from the common lymphoid progenitor

Answer 1

• B lymphocytes: plasma cells
• T lymphocytes:
  There is a subset that appears more similar to Natural Killer (NK) cells that
  are known as NKT cells
• NK cells

Question 2

Dendritic cells form the _____between innate and adaptive immunity

Answer 2

bridge

Question 3

which cells belong to the innate immunity?

Answer 3

-neutrophil
-eosinophil
-basophil
-monocyte

Question 4

Cells that are part of adaptive immunity

Answer 4

B cell
T cell

Question 5

How do Immature dendritic cells residing in a tissue take up pathogens and their antigens?

Answer 5

by macropinocytosis and by receptor-mediated endocytosis.

Question 6

Immature dendritic cells are stimulated by recognition of the presence of pathogens to migrate through
the lymphatics to regional lymph nodes, where they arrive as __________ ________ _________ _________ that express both antigen and the co-stimulatory
molecules necessary to activate a naive T cell that recognizes the antigen →
stimulate lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation

Answer 6

fully mature nonphagocytic dendritic cells

Question 7

Lymphocytes mature in the_______ ____ or the ______and then congregate in lymphoid tissues throughout the body.

Answer 7

bone marrow or thymus

Question 8

Primary lymphoid organs is where what cells mature and develop?

Answer 8

immune cells

Question 9

Where do B cells develop and where do T cells develop

Answer 9

• B lymphocytes fully develop in the niche of the bone marrow
• T cells develop initially in the bone marrow, but then migrate to the thymus to achieve full maturity

Question 10

Secondary lymphoid organs-The adaptive immune response is
initiated by

Answer 10

Secondary lymphoid organs/tissues ― The adaptive immune response is
initiated by antigen and antigen-presenting cells in peripheral lymphoid tissue

Question 11

What happens in areas wher lymphocytes encounter antigen?

Answer 11

It becomes activated, undergoes
clonal expansion, and differentiates into effector cells.
This is an adaptive immune response

Question 12

What do secondary lymphoid organs include?

Answer 12

○ Lymph nodes
○ Spleen
○ Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)
such as gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), bronchialassociated lymphoid tissue (BALT), tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and
appendix
○ Other diffuse and loosely organized areas

Question 13

How are secodary lymphoid organs connected to each other?

Answer 13

via blood and lymphatic circulatory systems

Question 14

Lymh nodes function

Answer 14

Where b and t cells encounter pathogen. These search for tissue bound pathogens

Question 15

Spleen functions

Answer 15

Monitors pathogens in the blood stream. These search for blood borne pathogen

Question 16

Lymph nodes and spleen are considered primary or secondary organs?

Answer 16

secondary

T-cell and B-cell activity are separated into distinct microenvironments
○ The cells will actively migrate toward each other during activation events for
their required interactions

Question 17

Function of Lymph nodes and what the outer cortex and paracortex consist of

Answer 17

Lymph nodes: fight against tissue pathogens
○ Outer cortex: B-cell zone
○ Paracortex: T-cell zone

Question 18

Spleen function.
- What does the red pul and white pulp portion of the spleen do?

Answer 18

The first line of defense against blood-borne pathogens

Red pulp: site of RBC destruction
○ White pulp: surround arterioles, where antigen presentation
and lymphocyte activation occurs

Question 19

Explain these abbreviations
-RP
*ARROW HEADS
*PALS:
-PFZ
*GC
Co
*MZ

Answer 19

RP: red pulp
* Arrow heads: central arteriole
* PALS: periarteriolar lymphoid sheath
* PFZ: perifollicular zone
* GC: germinal center
 Co: follicular B-cell corona
* MZ: marginal zone