Differentiation/Features/Isolation

Question 1

What can the Enterobacteraciae family often be referred as?

Answer 1

Enterics

Question 2

Which Enterobacteraciae are NOT motile at body temperature?

Answer 2

Klebsiella spp.
Shigella spp.
Yersinia spp.

Question 3

What is the most common cause of UTI’s in humans?

Answer 3

Uropathogenic E. coli

Question 4

What are the different strains of Escherichia spp?

Answer 4

ETEC
EPEC
EHEC
EIEC
Enteroadherent

Question 5

What are DAEC and EAEC?

Answer 5

Entroadherent pathogens

Question 6

What does not ferment sorbitol in 48 hours and appears colorless on a SMAC agar?

Answer 6

E. coli 0157:H7

Question 7

What distinguishes members of Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, Pantoea, Cronobacter, and Hania spp.?

Answer 7

Tribe Klebsielleae
Found in intestinal tract (humans/animals)
Free living in soil, water, and plants

Question 8

What are the two clinically significant species of Enterobacter?

Answer 8

E. cloacae
E. aerogenes

Question 9

Which species of Enterobacter is isolated from respiratory samples?

Answer 9

E. gergoviae
Rarely isolated from blood

Question 10

What is an opportunistic pathogen of urinary tract wounds and blood tissue?

Answer 10

Proteus spp.

Question 11

What places can we isolate Proteus spp?

Answer 11

Urine
Wounds
Ear
Bacteremia infections

Question 12

What genera belong to the Proteae tribe?

Answer 12

Proteus
Morganella
Providencia

Question 13

What is implicated in nosocomial outbreaks in burn units and isolated in urine cultures? Why is it difficult to treat?

Answer 13

Providencia stuartii
High resistance to antimicrobials

Question 14

What does not grow well on Simmon’s citrate agar?

Answer 14

Edwardsiella tarda

Question 15

What are the most commonly isolated Citrobacter spp?

Answer 15

C. braakii
C. freundii
C. koseri

Question 16

Which Citrobacter spp is associated with neonatal meningitis?

Answer 16

C. koseri

Question 17

Which Citrobacter spp is associated with UTI’s?

Answer 17

C. freundii

Question 18

What is a self limiting infection that usually disappears a few days later with no complications?

Answer 18

Salmonella gastroenteritis (Salmonellosis)

Question 19

What acts as a reservoir site for Salmonella?

Answer 19

The gall bladder

Question 20

How does Simmon’s citrate agar differentiate bacteria?

Answer 20

Citrate utilization

Question 21

What are the three Yersinia species that are considered human pathogens?

Answer 21

Y. pestis (bioterrorism agent)
Y. enterocolitica
Y. pseudotuberculosis

Question 22

Where can Kluyvera spp be isolated from?

Answer 22

Respiratory, Urine, and blood cultures
Reddish blue or violet pigment

Question 23

Which Vibrio spp. was discovered in Japan in 1950, is a self limiting diarrhea, and is called the “Summer diarrhea”?

Answer 23

V. parahaemolyticus

Question 24

What are the two groups of Aeromonas?

Answer 24

Mesophilic (motile)
Psychrophilic (non motile, 22C - 25C)

Question 25

What can Voges-Proskauer, API, and Esculin hydrolysis testing be used to differentiate?

Answer 25

Aeromonas API is definitive

Question 26

What is the only species of the Plesiomonas genus?

Answer 26

P. shigelloides Facultative anaerobe

Question 27

What is a microaerophilic organism transported using cary-blair and is incubated at 42C?

Answer 27

Campylobacter spp. 5% - 10% O2 10% CO2

Question 28

What is the most commonly isolated species of Pseudomonas?

Answer 28

P. aeruginosa Opportunistic pathogen

Question 29

What are the most commonly seen Acinetobacter species?

Answer 29

A. baumannii A. Iwoffii A. haemolyticus

Question 30

What is the third most commonly seen non fermentative, gram negative bacillus that is rarely associated with lower respiratory infections?

Answer 30

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Isolated from 6.4% - 10.2% of CF patients

Question 31

What resembles B. cepacia and has a high mortality rate in CF and CGD patients?

Answer 31

B. gladioli