Diffusion Flashcards
(27 cards)
Diffusion is the?
Diffusion is the net movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration which does not require energy as it moves down the concentration gradient until it reaches dynamic equilibrium
factors that affect diffusion is?
Concentration gradient ( high conc, higher r.o.d)
Temperature (higher temp, higher r.o.d due to inc kinetic energy)
Distance ( Shorter distance increases r.o.d)
Surface Area ( Larger SA:V ratio faster r.o.d)
Shape & sizes of molecules (Smaller molecules higher r.o.d)
increases surface area, increase in ?
increase in diffusion because larger s.a allows for more particles to diffuse at once.
how does temperature affect the rate of diffusion
higher temperatures means that there is a higher diffusion rate due to the increase of kinetic energy.
how does distance affect the rate of diffusion?
The shorter the distance the quicker diffusion takes place. ( due to less distance needed for particle to travel )
how does the shape and size of molecules affect diffusion?
the smaller the molecules are, the less energy it requires to move the particle hence making diffusion quicker.
how can the concentration gradient affect the rate of diffusion?
The bigger the concentration gradient the faster the rate of diffusion, due to the large difference between the two areas, which makes it easier for the particles to make a difference.
state the 4 states of matter
solid
liquid
gas
plasma
explain the plasma state of matter.
Plasma will fill any container it is placed in (like a gas) however it will conduct electricity and is affected by electromagnetic fields
found in universe in the form of stars.
state changing reactions.
Soild -> liquid
melting
state changing reactions.
liquid -> gas.
boiling
state changing reactions.
solid ->(straight to) gas
sublimation
state changing reactions.
gas (->) liquid
condensation
state changing reactions.
liquid (->) solid
freezing
state changing reactions.
gas -> (straight to) solid
deposition
Formula for the percentage error % of 1 reading.
percentage error = (maximum error / quantity measured) x 100
what is the maximum error.
maximum resolution. the smallest unit of change the apparatus could measure divided by 2
e.g 1 is the minimum unit of range between values uncertainty would be 0.5 = maximum error.
Formula for the percentage error % of 2 reading.
percentage error = (2 x maximum error/ quantity measured) x 100
arrangement of particles in a solid?
close to together in an ordered pattern
movement of particles in a solid?
vibrate - between them
properties of particles in a solid?
hard, cannot flow.
arrangement of particles in liquid?
Not in layers , however are locking and rubbing.
movement of particles in a liquid?
Rubbing against each other
Properties of particles in a liquid?
fills up the space of containers and can take the shape of containers they are placed in.
